Common Planner
K–12 Standards

LABORATORY ASSISTING, 51.0802.00

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APPLY STANDARD PRECAUTIONS AND SAFETY MEASURESPCT1.0

  • 1.1

    Demonstrate knowledge of communicable diseases and blood borne pathogensPCT1.1

  • 1.3

    Use proper hand hygiene according CDC (Center for Disease Control)PCT1.3

  • 1.2

    Use Universal Precautions according to OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) and use Transmission-based Precautions according to CDC (Center for Disease Control)PCT1.2

  • 1.4

    Don, remove, and discard PPE (personal protective equipment such as gloves, gowns, masks, lab coats, goggles, and face shields) according to standard procedurePCT1.4

  • 1.5

    Demonstrate knowledge of isolation and the use of isolation proceduresPCT1.5

  • 1.6

    Comply with hazardous labeling requirements according to OSHA (e.g., safety signs, symbols, and special instructions)PCT1.6

  • 1.7

    Describe procedures for cleaning laboratory spillsPCT1.7

  • 1.8

    Handle and dispose of contaminated and hazardous items according to OSHA guidelinesPCT1.8

  • 1.9

    Use fire and chemical safety protocols (e.g., SDSs and the use of fire extinguishers)PCT1.9

  • 1.10

    Describe evacuation plans used by various facilities and statewide alert codesPCT1.10

  • 1.11

    Maintain a clean work area (e.g., cleaning agents, Clorox, and other disinfectants )PCT1.11

  • 1.12

    Maintain a safe work environment (e.g., proper storage of equipment, materials, and chemicals; proper containment of food and personal items; hair tied back and minimal jewelry)PCT1.12

  • 1.13

    Use equipment, materials, and chemicals according to manufacturer guidelinesPCT1.13

  • 1.14

    Report unsafe conditions for self and others (e.g., frayed cords, spillages, puddles on floor, and bed rails down)PCT1.14

  • 1.15

    Demonstrate proper body mechanics and lifting techniquesPCT1.15

MAINTAIN THE LABORATORY ACCORDING TO INDUSTRY REGULATIONS AND STANDARDSPCT2.0

  • 2.1

    Comply with federal, state, and local laws, regulations, and guidelines for the laboratory [e.g., CMS (Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services), CDC (Center for Disease Control), OSHA, CLIA (Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendment)]PCT2.1

  • 2.2

    Adhere to CLIA (Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments) regulations and their impact on laboratory functions and proceduresPCT2.2

  • 2.3

    Comply with voluntary accrediting and inspection agency requirements [e.g., CAP (College of American Pathologists), Joint Commission , and AABB (American Association of Blood Banks)]PCT2.3

  • 2.4

    Communicate test results, reference ranges, and specimen requirements to authorized sources according to HIPPA guidelinesPCT2.4

  • 2.5

    Assess active involvement in local, state, and national associations and organizations (people and resources) to keep up-to-date regarding the industryPCT2.5

DEMONSTRATE LEGAL AND ETHICAL PRACTICESPCT3.0

  • 3.1

    Recognize liability associated with the practice of laboratory assisting (risk management, patient refusal to comply)PCT3.1

  • 3.2

    Comply with the Patients’ Bill of Rights according to AMA (American Medical Association) and AHA (American Hospital Association)PCT3.2

  • 3.3

    Protect patient confidentiality according to HIPPA guidelinesPCT3.3

  • 3.4

    Function within the laboratory assistant’s scope of practice (duties and responsibilities)PCT3.4

PERFORM THE PHLEBOTOMY PROCEDUREPCT4.0

  • 4.1

    Explain the legal scope of practice and laws and regulations regarding phlebotomy and point-of-care testingPCT4.1

  • 4.2

    Use terms, abbreviations, and codes commonly used in laboratory testingPCT4.2

  • 4.3

    Read physician orders/laboratory requisitions to determine specimen requirementsPCT4.3

  • 4.4

    Order tests according to physician’s orders, including inside and outside laboratoriesPCT4.4

  • 4.5

    Follow written facility testing procedures and protocolPCT4.5

  • 4.6

    Use the proper method (two proofs of identify) to ensure patient identificationPCT4.6

  • 4.7

    Provide a comfortable, safe environment and explain lab procedures to the patient, using an interpreter if neededPCT4.7

  • 4.8

    Use phlebotomy equipment according to manufacturer guidelinesPCT4.8

  • 4.9

    Select the appropriate tube following test requirement guidelinesPCT4.9

  • 4.10

    Describe basic functions of the cardiovascular systemPCT4.10

  • 4.11

    Distinguish characteristics of arterial, venous, and capillary bloodPCT4.11

  • 4.12

    Demonstrate an understanding of the anatomy and physiology of the hand and armPCT4.12

  • 4.13

    Perform the phlebotomist collection procedures (venous blood, capillary blood, blood cultures)PCT4013

PERFORM SPECIMEN COLLECTION AND PROCESSING PROCEDURESPCT5.0

  • 5.1

    Demonstrate the proper method of patient identificationPCT5.1

  • 5.2

    Instruct the patient in the proper procedure for collecting semen, urine, feces, and other body fluidsPCT5.2

  • 5.3

    Describe procedures for testing urine, blood, occult blood, and capillary glucosePCT5.3

  • 5.4

    Use terms, abbreviations, and codes commonly used in the laboratory regarding specimen collection and processing (e.g., capillary vs. venous vs. arterial)PCT5.4

  • 5.5

    Use reference values for selected specimen (point-of-care testing)PCT5.5

  • 5.6

    Read physician orders/laboratory requisitions to determine specimen requirementsPCT5.6

  • 5.7

    Follow written facility testing proceduresPCT5.7

  • 5.8

    Choose equipment and supplies for selected specimensPCT5.8

  • 5.9

    Use blood bank bands and identification according to facilities policiesPCT5.9

  • 5.10

    Label, transport, and store selected specimens according to established protocolPCT5.10

  • 5.11

    Determine specimen acceptability (e.g., preparation; type of specimen; collection, handling, and storage of specimen; and presence of interfering substances)PCT5.11

  • 5.12

    Prepare for a test run (sample and reagent preparation, use of standards and controls, instrument calibration, performance and maintenance checks, malfunction identification and troubleshooting)PCT5.12

  • 5.13

    Handle sterile and non-sterile items according to standards and proceduresPCT5.13

  • 5.14

    Perform specimen collection procedures (e.g., throat cultures and RSV swabs)PCT5.14

  • 5.15

    Perform processing and pre-analytic preparation of specimens (centrifuge, separate, aliquot, and label)PCT5.15

  • 5.16

    Store specimens (time, temperature, light, packaging, and transport off-site)PCT5.16

  • 5.17

    Follow chain-of-custody procedure (drug screen testing, blood alcohol testing)PCT5.17

  • 5.18

    Report results according to established protocol and using appropriate documentation proceduresPCT5.18

  • 5.19

    Identify and report specimens that are STAT or ASAP according to established protocolPCT5.19

  • 5.20

    Define quality control terms (e.g., trends and shifts, means and modes, and documentation and corrective action)PCT5.20

DEMONSTRATE LABORATORY DOCUMENTATION, QUALITY CONTROL, AND QUALITY ASSURANCEPCT6.0

  • 6.1

    Explain the quality control process on manual testing and instrumentationPCT6.1

  • 6.2

    Explain the quality control check on refrigerators, centrifuge, rotators, and incubatorsPCT6.2

  • 6.3

    Apply quality improvement procedures to laboratory activities as defined by the facility, department, and professionPCT6.3

  • 6.4

    Perform quality assessment and improvement activitiesPCT6.4

  • 6.5

    Perform preventive maintenance on instruments and equipment (e.g, recognize equipment malfunctions and notify appropriate authority)PCT6.5

  • 6.6

    Describe calibrating and monitoring instrumentsPCT6.6

  • 6.7

    Recognize procedural and technical problems and take corrective action according to predetermined criteriaPCT6.7

PERFORM URINALYSIS TESTINGPCT7.0

  • 7.1

    Demonstrate knowledge of basic physiology of urinary systemPCT7.1

  • 7.2

    Prepare for testing (perform instrument setup, calibration, and maintenance; evaluate reagent/dipstick acceptability; collect, handle, and store specimen; perform quality control procedures)PCT7.2

  • 7.3

    Perform macroscopic examination of urine [physical and chemical tests, identify normal/abnormal values, recognize interfering substances, define method limitation(s)]PCT7.3

  • 7.4

    Perform confirmatory tests (e.g., clinitest, ictocheck, acetest, ASSA)PCT7.4

APPLY PRINCIPLES OF IMMUNOLOGY/POINT OF CAREPCT8.0

  • 8.1

    Determine specimen acceptability (patient preparation, type of specimen, collection, handling and storage, presence of interfering substances)PCT8.1

  • 8.2

    Prepare for test run (prepare sample and reagent, use standards and controls, calibrate instrument or apparatus, perform maintenance checks, identify/troubleshoot malfunctions)PCT8.2

  • 8.3

    Perform immunological assaysPCT8.3

  • 8.4

    Interpret and report results (identify questionable/contradictory results and provide to appropriate authority)PCT8.4

  • 8.5

    Perform and evaluate quality control procedures related to each task according to manufacturer guidelines and perform corrective action if neededPCT8.5

APPLY PRINCIPLES OF HEMATOLOGYPCT9.0

  • 9.1

    Determine specimen acceptability (collect, handle, and store specimen; evaluate type and age of specimen and additive; label properly; check for clots)PCT9.1

  • 9.2

    Prepare specimen for analysis (prepare sample and reagents, use standards and controls, perform performance and maintenance checks, identify and troubleshoot malfunctions)PCT9.2

  • 9.3

    Prepare acceptable blood films [peripheral (size/width thickness, feather edge, straight, and free of streaks) homogeneity, and labeling]PCT9.3

  • 9.4

    Stain blood films (e.g., Wright’s stain, iron and controls, and retic)PCT9.4

  • 9.5

    Perform erythrocyte sedimentation rates (e.g., Wintrobe, Westergren, or their modifications)PCT9.5

APPLY PRINCIPLES OF COAGULATION AND HEMOSTASISPCT10.0

  • 10.1

    Determine specimen acceptability (collection techniques; transport conditions; time, temperature, handling, and storage; additive present—blood-to-anticoagulant ration; check for clots or hemolysis)PCT10.1

  • 10.2

    Prepare specimen for analysis (prepare centrifuge, maintain specimen acceptability relative to time and temperature)PCT10.2

  • 10.3

    Prepare for test run (prepare sample and reagent, use standards and controls)PCT10.3

  • 10.4

    Perform bleeding time (platelet count, limitations of procedure)PCT10.4

APPLY PRINCIPLES OF MICROBIOLOGYPCT11.0

  • 11.1

    Determine specimen acceptability (patient preparation, type of specimen, collection, handling and storage of specimen, presence of interfering substances)PCT11.1

  • 11.2

    Prepare smears and stains (sample and reagent/stain preparation)PCT11.2

  • 11.3

    Inoculate media (sample and media preparation)PCT11.3

  • 11.4

    Incubate media (temperature requirements, prepare incubator, maintenance checks)PCT11.4

  • 11.5

    Report results to appropriate authorityPCT11.5

  • 11.6

    Perform and evaluate quality control procedures related to each task and document corrective actionPCT11.6

REPORT TEST RESULTSPCT12.0

  • 12.1

    Identify and analyze reference valuesPCT12.1

  • 12.2

    Identify, analyze, and respond to critical valuesPCT12.2

  • 12.3

    Match laboratory results with patient informationPCT12.3

  • 12.4

    Identify abnormal and questionable/contradictory results and refer them to the appropriate authorityPCT12.4

  • 12.5

    Demonstrate understanding or a variety to laboratory documents for reporting test results both manually and electronicallyPCT12.5

  • 12.6

    Notify specified laboratory personnel when having difficulty with a procedurePCT12.6

  • 12.7

    Follow established procedure for correcting and/or amending manual or electronic reportsPCT12.7

MAINTAIN LABORATORY SUPPLIES AND EQUIPMENT INVENTORYPCT13.0

  • 13.1

    Check for adequate inventory of laboratory supplies and equipmentPCT13.1

  • 13.2

    Use protocol for ordering laboratory supplies and equipmentPCT13.2

  • 13.4

    Describe storage of laboratory supplies and equipmentPCT13.4

  • 13.3

    Receive and catalog incoming suppliesPCT13.3

  • 13.5

    Prepare, label, and store working reagentsPCT13.5

  • 13.6

    Use information management systems to record and retrieve laboratory data from work produced on site and reference laboratoriesPCT13.6

Frequently asked questions

What grade levels do these standards cover?
Grade 11, Grade 12, and VOCATIONALTRAINING
Where can I read the official document?
ARIZONA CTE PROGRAM STANDARDS AND MEASUREMENT CRITERIA

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