Common Planner
K–12 Standards

Grades 9-12

Other Arizona History and Social Science sets

Disciplinary Skills and Processes

  • SP1

    Chronological reasoning requires understanding processes of change and continuity over time, which means assessing similarities and differences between historical periods and between the past and present.HS.SP1

    1. 1

      Evaluate how events and developments were shaped by unique circumstances of time and place as well as broader contexts.HS.SP1.1

    2. 2

      Analyze change and continuity in historical eras.HS.SP1.2

    3. 3

      Evaluate the significance of past events as they relate to their own lives and the world.HS.SP1.3

    4. 4

      Use compelling questions generated about individuals and groups to assess how the significance of their actions changes over time and is shaped by the historical context.HS.SP1.4

  • SP2

    Thinking within the discipline involves the ability to identify, compare, and evaluate multiple perspectives about a given event to draw conclusions since there are multiple points of view about events and issues.HS.SP2

    1. 1

      Analyze how contexts shaped and continue to shape people’s perspectives.HS.SP2.1

    2. 2

      Analyze the ways in which perspective shapes recorded history.HS.SP2.2

    3. 3

      Demonstrate historical empathy when examining individuals or groups in the past whose perspectives might be very different from those held today.HS.SP2.3

  • SP3

    Historians and Social Scientists gather, interpret, and use evidence to develop claims and answer historical, economic, geographical, and political questions and communicate their conclusions.HS.SP3

    1. 1

      Develop and frame questions about issues and events in the discipline and determine the types of sources that will be helpful in answering these questions. HS.SP3.1

    2. 2

      Gather relevant information from multiple sources representing a wide range of views while using origin, authority, structure, context, and corroborative value of the source to guide the selection.HS.SP3.2

    3. 3

      Analyze the relationship between primary sources and the secondary interpretations made from them including possible limitations in various kinds of evidence and differing secondary interpretations.HS.SP3.3

    4. 4

      Evaluate the credibility of a source by examining how experts value the source.HS.SP3.4

    5. 5

      Use questions generated about multiple historical sources to pursue further inquiry and investigate additional sources.HS.SP3.5

    6. 6

      Construct and present arguments using precise and knowledgeable claims, with evidence from multiple sources, while acknowledging counterclaims and evidentiary weaknesses. HS.SP3.6

    7. 7.

      Construct and present explanations using sound reasoning, correct sequence (linear and non-linear) examples, and details with significant and pertinent information and data, while acknowledging the strengths and weaknesses of the explanationHS.SP3.7

    8. 8

      Present arguments and explanations that feature ideas and perspectives on issues and topics to reach a range of audiences and venues using print, oral, and digital technologies.HS.SP3.8

  • SP4

    Thinking within the discipline involves the ability to analyze relationships among causes and effects and to create and support arguments using relevant evidence.HS.SP4

    1. 1

      Analyze multiple and complex causes and effects of events in the past and present.HS.SP4.1

    2. 2

      Distinguish between long-term causes and triggering events in developing an argument.HS.SP4.2

    3. 3

      Integrate evidence from multiple relevant sources and interpretations into a reasoned argument.HS.SP4.3

    4. 4

      Compare the central arguments in secondary works on related topics in multiple media. Critique the central arguments in secondary works on related topics in multiple media in terms of their accuracy and relevance.HS.SP4.4

Civics

  • C1

    Civic virtues and democratic principles are key components of the American political system.HS.C1

    1. 1

      Explain the significance of civic virtues to a well-functioning constitutional republic. HS.C1.1

    2. 2

      Evaluate how society and political systems in different contexts promote civic virtue and democratic principles established by the founding documents.HS.C1.2

    3. 3

      Explain and use deliberative processes implemented in various civic and political institutions.HS.C1.3

    4. 4

      Analyze the evolution of civic virtues, democratic principles, constitutional rights, and human rights. HS.C1.4

  • C2

    Citizens have individual rights, roles, and responsibilities.HS.C2

    1. 1

      Explain the importance of individual participation in civic and political institutions. HS.C2.1

    2. 2

      Analyze the role of citizens in the United States political system over time and compare this to the role of citizens in other political systems.HS.C2.2

    3. 3

      Evaluate the evolution of ideals and rights established in historical documents, legislation, executive actions, and court cases.HS.C2.3

    4. 4

      Analyze the responsibilities of citizens.HS.C2.4

    5. 5

      Compare the rights guaranteed in Arizona Constitution to those in the United States Constitution. HS.C2.5

    6. 6

      Evaluate the contributions of individuals and groups, including Arizonans, who have played a role in promoting civic and democratic principles.HS.C2.6

  • C3

    An understanding of civic and political institutions in society and the principles these institutions are intended to reflect including knowledge about law, politics, and government are essential to effective citizenship.HS.C3

    1. 1

      Examine how the United States Constitution established a system of government that has powers, responsibilities, and limits and analyze how those powers, responsibilities, and limits have changed over time.HS.C3.1

    2. 2

      Analyze the origins, functions, and structures of government at the national, state, local, and tribal levels and compare with other systems of government.HS.C3.2

    3. 3

      Analyze the impact of political parties, interest groups, elections, and the media on political institutions. HS.C3.3

    4. 4

      Analyze the impact of constitutions, laws, treaties, charters, and agreements on the maintenance of international order.HS.C3.4

  • C4

    Process, rules, and laws direct how individuals are governed and how society addresses problems.HS.C4

    1. 1

      Evaluate multiple procedures for making governmental decisions in all three branches and at the local, state, tribal, national, and international levels in terms of the civic purpose achieved.HS.C4.1

    2. 2

      Evaluate local, state, national, and international policies in terms of intended and unintended outcomes and related consequences.HS.C4.2

    3. 3

      Explain the procedures for elections at the local, state, tribal, and national levels. HS.C4.3

    4. 4

      Analyze the purpose, process, implementation, and consequences of decision making and public policies in multiple settings and at various levels.HS.C4.4

    5. 5

      Use disciplinary and interdisciplinary lenses to understand the characteristics and causes of local, regional, and global problems, instances of such problems in multiple contexts, and challenges and opportunities faced by those trying to address these problems over time and place.HS.C4.5

    6. 6

      Assess options for action to address local, regional, and global problems by engaging in self- reflection, strategy identification, and complex causal reasoning. HS.C4.6

    7. 7

      Apply a range of deliberative and democratic strategies and procedures to make decisions in the classroom, school, and out-of-school civic contexts.HS.C4.7

Economics

  • E1

    A financially literate individual understands how to manage income, spending, and investment.HS.E1

    1. 1

      Evaluate how and why people make choices to improve their economic well-being.HS.E1.1

    2. 2

      Analyze the factors that influence how and why people make budgeting and saving choices. HS.E1.2

    3. 3

      Evaluate the cost and benefits of using credit.HS.E1.3

    4. 4

      Compare the cost and benefits of several types of investments. HS.E1.4

    5. 5

      Evaluate the ways insurance may minimize personal financial risk.HS.E1.5

  • E2

    By applying economic reasoning, individuals seek to understand the decisions of people, groups, and societies.HS.E2

    1. 1

      Explain how scarcity results in economic decisions and evaluate their impact on individuals, institutions, and societies.HS.E2.1

    2. 3

      Use cost-benefit analysis and/or marginal analysis to evaluate an economic issue.HS.E2.3

    3. 2

      Analyze how incentives influence economic choices for individuals, institutions, and societies.HS.E2.2

  • E3

    Individuals and institutions are interdependent within market systems. HS.E3

    1. 1

      Explain how buyers and sellers interact to create markets and market structures.HS.E3.1

    2. 2

      Evaluate how numerous factors and conditions influence market prices.HS.E3.2

    3. 3

      Evaluate the role of government in regulating market places.HS.E3.3

    4. 4

      Explain the distinct types of business organizations and analyze the role of innovation and entrepreneurship in a market economy.HS.E3.4

  • E4

    The domestic economy is shaped by interactions between government, institutions, and the private sector.HS.E4

    1. 1

      Use economic data to analyze the health of a national economy. HS.E4.1

    2. 2

      Evaluate the economic conditions that lead to fiscal and monetary policy choices and explain their impact on households and businesses.HS.E4.2

    3. 3

      Explain the roles of institutions in a market economy.HS.E4.3

    4. 4

      Explain the effect of advancements in technology and training on economic growth and standards of living.HS.E4.4

  • E5

    The interconnected global economy impacts all individuals and groups in significant and varied ways.HS.E5

    1. 1

      Evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of global trade. HS.E5.1

    2. 2

      Evaluate how interdependence impacts individuals, institutions, and societies.HS.E5.2

    3. 3

      Explain why nations chose to trade and how it is regulated. HS.E5.3

    4. 4

      Explain how national economies influence trade. HS.E5.4

Geography

  • G1

    The use of geographic representations and tools help individuals understand their world.HS.G1

    1. 1

      Use geographic data to explain and analyze relationships between locations of place and regions.HS.G1.1

      1. -

        Key tools and representations such as maps, remotely sensed and other images, tables, and graphs

    2. 2

      Use geospatial tools and related technologies to construct relevant geographic data to explain spatial patterns and relationships.HS.G1.2

      1. -

        Key tools and representations such as Google Earth, story mapping, wayfaring apps, and other geospatial technologies

  • G2

    Human-environment interactions are essential aspects of human life in all societies. HS.G2

    1. 1

      Analyze interactions within and between human and physical systems. HS.G2.1

    2. 2

      Evaluate how political and economic decisions throughout time have influenced cultural and environmental characteristics of various places and regions. HS.G2.2

    3. 3

      Evaluate the impact of human settlement on the environment and culture of specific places and regions. HS.G2.3

    4. 4

      Evaluate the use and sustainability of natural resources. HS.G2.4

  • G3

    Examining human population and movement helps individuals understand past, present, and future conditions on Earth’s surface.HS.G3

    1. 1

      Analyze the reciprocal nature of how historical events and the diffusion of ideas, technologies, and cultural practices have influenced migration patterns and the distribution of human populationHS.G3.1

    2. 2

      Evaluate the impact of economic activities and political decisions on spatial patterns within and among urban, suburban, and rural regions.HS.G3.2

    3. 3

      Evaluate the influence of long-term climate variability on human migration and settlement patterns, resource use, and land uses at local-to-global scales.HS.G3.3

    4. 4

      Evaluate the consequences of human-made and natural catastrophes on global trade, politics, and human migration settlement.HS.G3.4

    5. 5

      Evaluate the impact of social, political, and economic decisions that have caused conflict or promoted cooperation throughout time.HS.G3.5

  • G4

    Global interconnections and spatial patterns are a necessary part of geographic reasoning.HS.G4

    1. 1

      Take an active stance on a geographic issue reflecting its scale (local, regional, state, national, or global)HS.G4.1

    2. 2

      Analyze patterns of global power and influence in respect to trade, demographics, politics, and resource availability and use.HS.G4.2

    3. 3

      Analyze patterns of interdependence.HS.G4.3

History

  • H1

    The development of civilizations, societies, cultures, and innovations have influenced history and continue to impact the modern world.HS.H1

    1. 1

      Explain the process of state-building, expansion, and dissolution.HS.H1.1

    2. 2

      Explain and compare how social, cultural, and environmental factors influenced state-building, expansion, and dissolution.HS.H1.2

    3. 3

      Evaluate the consequences that resulted from civilizational and cultural interactions.HS.H1.3

    4. 4

      Analyze the impact of cultural diffusion.HS.H1.4

    5. 5

      Explain how religions and belief systems have affected the origins of societies.HS.H1.5

    6. 6

      Analyze the relationship among different regional, social, ethnic, and racial groups and explain how these groups’ experiences have related to national identities.HS.H1.6

    7. 7

      Analyze how technological innovation and trade has affected economic development and transformed societies.HS.H1.7

  • H2

    Cycles of conflict and cooperation have shaped relations among people, places, and environments.HS.H2

    1. 1

      Explain multiple causes of conflict.HS.H2.1

    2. 2

      Analyze approaches to conflict management and resolution.HS.H2.2

    3. 3

      Evaluate the short- and long- term impacts of conflicts and their resolutions.HS.H2.3

    4. 4

      Compare causes and effects of isolationism and globalism. HS.H2.4

  • H3

    Economic, political, and religious ideas and institutions have influenced history and continue to shape the modern world. HS.H3

    1. 1

      Analyze how societies, leaders, institutions, and organizations respond to societal needs and changes. HS.H3.1

    2. 2

      Analyze how ideologies, religion, and belief systems have influenced economic, political, and social institutions over time. HS.H3.2

    3. 3

      Compare the ways in which economic philosophies influenced political, economic, and social developments. HS.H3.3

    4. 4

      Evaluate how societies have balanced individual freedoms, responsibilities, and human dignity versus the common good. HS.H3.4

    5. 5

      Explain how different labor systems developed and affected societies over time. HS.H3.5

  • H4

    Patterns of social and political interactions have shaped people, places, and events throughout history and continue to shape the modern world.HS.H4

    1. 1

      Examine how historically marginalized groups have affected change on political and social institutions.HS.H4.1

    2. 2

      Explain how artistic, philosophical, and scientific ideas have developed and shaped society and institutions.HS.H4.2

    3. 3

      Examine how access to information and technology has been used to influence society.HS.H4.3

    4. 4

      Examine how a diverse society can be a force for unity and/or disunity.HS.H4.4

Frequently asked questions

What grade levels do these standards cover?
Grade 9, Grade 10, Grade 11, and Grade 12
Where can I read the official document?
History and Social Science Standards (2018)

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