Common Planner
K–12 Standards

Kindergarten

Other Washington English Language Arts sets

Reading

  • ReadingK.

    Students read, comprehend, interpret, use, analyze, and appreciate fiction, poetry, nonfiction, and multimodal texts from a broad range of genres, cultures, and media through shared reading and read alouds in the context of grade-level content to understand themselves, others, and the world.WA.ELA-LITERACY.ReadingK

    1.  

      Print Environment and Foundational Skills

      1. 1

        Students interact with and explore texts in a language-rich environment. WA.ELA-LITERACY.RK.1

        1. a

          Select texts that interest them and/or that are recommended by peers and adults. WA.ELA-LITERACY.RK.1.a

        2. b

          Spend time holding, looking at, reading and/or listening to texts. WA.ELA-LITERACY.RK.1.b

        3. c

          Make connections, tell stories and/or explain information based on imagination, images, and/or words they recognize in texts. WA.ELA-LITERACY.RK.1.c

      2. 2

        Students know and apply the basic features of print and how it is organized.WA.ELA-LITERACY.RK.2

        1. a

          Distinguish drawings from letters and words in a print-rich environment. WA.ELA-LITERACY.RK.2.a

        2. b

          Follow a text from top to bottom, left to right, and page by page. WA.ELA-LITERACY.RK.2.b

        3. c

          Identify front and back covers, titles, and the title page of printed books. WA.ELA-LITERACY.RK.2.c

        4. d

          Recognize, name, and print the lowercase and uppercase letters and the sounds they represent with automaticity. WA.ELA-LITERACY.RK.2.d

        5. e

          Recognize that spoken words are represented by specific sequences of letters in print.WA.ELA-LITERACY.RK.2.e

        6. f

          Recognize that spoken words are separated by spaces in print.WA.ELA-LITERACY.RK.2.f

      3. 3

        Students know and apply how concepts of sounds, syllables, words, and silence function in speech (phonological awareness). WA.ELA-LITERACY.RK.3

        1. a

          Recognize, pronounce, separate, blend, and count the syllables in spoken words. WA.ELA-LITERACY.RK.3.a

        2. b

          Recognize, pronounce, isolate, blend, and count initial, medial, and final sounds (phonemes) in spoken three-phoneme (consonant-vowel-consonant, or CVC) words. WA.ELA-LITERACY.RK.3.b

        3. c

          Blend and segment onsets and rhymes of single syllable spoken words. WA.ELA-LITERACY.RK.3.c

        4. d

          Recognize and produce rhyming words.WA.ELA-LITERACY.RK.3.d

        5. e

          Add, delete, or substitute individual spoken sounds (phonemes) in simple words to form new words.WA.ELA-LITERACY.RK.3.e

        6. f

          Parse individual words within spoken phrases and sentences.   WA.ELA-LITERACY.RK.3.f

      4. 4

        Students decode words with accuracy and fluency using grade-level word analysis skills. WA.ELA-LITERACY.RK.4

        1. a

          Demonstrate knowledge of one-to-one letter-sound correspondence by producing the most common sounds for each consonant. WA.ELA-LITERACY.RK.4.a

        2. b

          Associate the long and short sounds with common spellings for the five major vowels. WA.ELA-LITERACY.RK.4.b

        3. c

          Add, delete or substitute letters and/or syllables in printed words to form new words. WA.ELA-LITERACY.RK.4.c

        4. d

          Recognize, pronounce, separate, blend, and count the syllables in printed words. WA.ELA-LITERACY.RK.4.d

        5. e

          Decode words using letter-sound correspondence and regular spelling patterns. WA.ELA-LITERACY.RK.4.e

        6. f

          Read common high-frequency words by sight. WA.ELA-LITERACY.RK.4.f

        7. g

          Read connected words in a sentence.WA.ELA-LITERACY.RK.4.g

    2.  

      Comprehending and Interpreting Texts

      1. 5

        Students comprehend and interpret texts during shared reading, read alouds, and independent reading, using a variety of strategies.WA.ELA-LITERACY.RK.5

        1. a

          Reflect on their purpose for reading.  WA.ELA-LITERACY.RK.5.a

        2. b

          Preview the text by noting author, illustrator, title, topic, genre, and images.   WA.ELA-LITERACY.RK.5.b

        3. c

          Visualize to make sense of what is in the text.   WA.ELA-LITERACY.RK.5.c

        4. d

          Make predictions and check them against what is in the text.   WA.ELA-LITERACY.RK.5.d

        5. e

          Use a variety of strategies that encourage and maintain motivation to engage with a text.  WA.ELA-LITERACY.RK.5.e

        6. f

          Re-connect when the flow of reading is interrupted using a variety of strategies.  WA.ELA-LITERACY.RK.5.f

        7. g

          Tell how the visual elements in a text represent and/or add to its meaning.WA.ELA-LITERACY.RK.5.g

        8. h

          Ask and answer questions about a text’s topic, characters, setting, and/ or major events.  WA.ELA-LITERACY.RK.5.h

        9. i

          Retell familiar stories in their own words and/or say what they learned from a text.   WA.ELA-LITERACY.RK.5.i

    3.  

      Analyzing, Evaluating and Using Texts

      1. 6

        Students describe how the author, illustrator, and/or creator shape meaning and affect a reader’s experience of the text.WA.ELA-LITERACY.RK.6

        1. a

          Reflect on what the text makes them feel, think, and/or want to do.   WA.ELA-LITERACY.RK.6.a

        2. b

          Describe the effect of images and specific words on the reader’s understanding.   WA.ELA-LITERACY.RK.6.b

        3. c

          Identify and compare choices made by authors, illustrators and creators of multimodal texts to show emotions, places, objects, movement, action, and/or information.   WA.ELA-LITERACY.RK.6.c

      2. 7

        Students evaluate texts. WA.ELA-LITERACY.RK.7

        1. a

          Say what they may or may not like about a text and why. WA.ELA-LITERACY.RK.7.a

      3. 8

        Students use texts they have read for purposes relevant to them.  WA.ELA-LITERACY.RK.8

        1. a

          To better understand themselves and others, explore characters’ thoughts, and feelings.  WA.ELA-LITERACY.RK.8.a

        2. b

          To develop imagination and social reasoning, say what they would think, feel, and/or do in situations similar to those they have read about.   WA.ELA-LITERACY.RK.8.b

        3. c

          Use information or examples from texts for discussions and projects. [See W.K3 and SLDF.3.]   WA.ELA-LITERACY.RK.8.c

        4. d

          Use choices made by authors, illustrators, and creators of multimodal texts as ideas for their own multimodal compositions. [See W.K4b.] WA.ELA-LITERACY.RK.8.d

      4. 9

        Not in K. WA.ELA-LITERACY.RK.9

Writing

  • WritingK.

    Students compose multimodal texts through drawing, visually representing, dictating, and writing in a variety of genres in the context of grade level content.WA.ELA-LITERACY.WritingK

    1.  

      Writing Purposes and Products

      1. 1

        Students compose to make personal sense of information, ideas, opinions, emotions, and/or experiences. [Not all products from WK.1 must be taken through the writing process in WK.2 – WK.10.]WA.ELA-LITERACY.WK.1

      2. 2

        Students compose multimodal texts in a variety of genres to communicate with others.WA.ELA-LITERACY.WK.2

        1. a

          Describe experiences, ideas, and imaginings.WA.ELA-LITERACY.WK.2.a

        2. b

          Inform others about their observations and explanations of the world.WA.ELA-LITERACY.WK.2.b

        3. c

          Express their opinions and/or preferences.WA.ELA-LITERACY.WK.2.c

        4. d

          Persuade others to consider new options, resolve conflicts, and create and strengthen communities.WA.ELA-LITERACY.WK.2.d

        5. e

          Tell the story of a single event or several loosely linked events.WA.ELA-LITERACY.WK.2.e

    2.  

      Plan and Generate Ideas

      1. 3

        Students plan and complete writing projects. WA.ELA-LITERACY.WK.3

        1. a

          Connect the prompt to their interests, perspectives, and/or experiences.WA.ELA-LITERACY.WK.3.a

        2. b

          Determine the process or steps needed to complete the project.WA.ELA-LITERACY.WK.3.b

      2. 4

        Students generate and gather ideas, including appropriate use of tools.WA.ELA-LITERACY.WK.4

        1. a

          Identify topics and ideas from experience, imagination, reading, media, conversations, products from WK.1, and/or desire to communicate.WA.ELA-LITERACY.WK.4.a

        2. b

          Determine which features and/or genre conventions to follow or adapt from mentor texts.WA.ELA-LITERACY.WK.4.b

        3. c

          Answer questions about what the writer knows that the audience does not.WA.ELA-LITERACY.WK.4.c

        4. d

          Choose facts from group research (see RMLK.4), images, and/or other media that illustrate and support their ideas.WA.ELA-LITERACY.WK.4.d

    3.  

      Draft and Establish Voice

      1. 5

        Students draft content.WA.ELA-LITERACY.WK.5

        1. a

          State some information about the topic.WA.ELA-LITERACY.WK.5.a

        2. b

          Tell events in stories in order.WA.ELA-LITERACY.WK.5.b

        3. c

          Illustrate and/or approximate some text features and/or formatting they notice in mentor texts.WA.ELA-LITERACY.WK.5.c

      2. 6

        Students compose introductions.WA.ELA-LITERACY.WK.6

        1. a

          Name topics.WA.ELA-LITERACY.WK.6.a

      3. 7

        Starts in 1st grade. WA.ELA-LITERACY.WK.7

    4.  

      Revise and Edit

      1. 8

        Students discuss their compositions with others.WA.ELA-LITERACY.WK.8

        1. a

          Re-read to determine whether the draft says what they want it to say.WA.ELA-LITERACY.WK.8.a

        2. b

          Describe what their composition means and/or represents to an adult or peer.WA.ELA-LITERACY.WK.8.b

        3. c

          Ask an adult or peer to describe their perceived meaning of the composition.WA.ELA-LITERACY.WK.8.c

      2. 9

        Students revise their compositions.WA.ELA-LITERACY.WK.9

        1. a

          Add or change words or details to better communicate and represent meaning.WA.ELA-LITERACY.WK.9.a

    5.  

      Share and Publish

      1. 10

        Students share and publish compositions in person and/or on digital or non-digital platforms for known and trusted audiences.WA.ELA-LITERACY.WK.10

Speaking, Listening, and Digital Forums

  • SpeakingListeningDigitalForumsK.

    Students comprehend, engage in, and learn from collaborative discussions, presentations, and public speaking in a variety of genres in the context of grade-level content, in person and/or through teacher-moderated digital forums.WA.ELA-LITERACY.SpeakingListeningDigitalForumsK

    1.  

      Discussion

      1. 1

        Students listen, respond respectfully, and contribute during discussions. WA.ELA-LITERACY.SLDFK.1

        1. a

          Identify expectations and roles within the community, changing them when needed.WA.ELA-LITERACY.SLDFK.1.a

        2. b

          Answer questions about what was said in previous conversations to continue the discussion.WA.ELA-LITERACY.SLDFK.1.b

        3. c

          Ask questions about the topic and others’ observations and opinions.WA.ELA-LITERACY.SLDFK.1.c

        4. d

          Draw on experience, observation, and prior learning to answer questions.WA.ELA-LITERACY.SLDFK.1.d

        5. e

          Restate what they heard others say to build common understanding, asking and answering questions to clarify something they didn’t understand.WA.ELA-LITERACY.SLDFK.1.e

        6. f

          Connect statements to others’ contributions to build community and propel conversation.WA.ELA-LITERACY.SLDFK.1.f

        7. g

          Identify points of agreement or disagreement.WA.ELA-LITERACY.SLDFK.1.g

        8. h

          Ask questions to explore why someone else may relate or think differently.WA.ELA-LITERACY.SLDFK.1.h

        9. i

          Identify opinions or understandings that have changed.WA.ELA-LITERACY.SLDFK.1.i

        10. j

          Review memorable and/or important moments or ideas. WA.ELA-LITERACY.SLDFK.1.j

      2. 2

        Starts in 3rd.WA.ELA-LITERACY.SLDFK.2

    2.  

      Collaboration 

      1. 3

        Students collaborate on projects and tasks.WA.ELA-LITERACY.SLDFK.3

        1. a

          Identify expectations and roles, changing them when needed.WA.ELA-LITERACY.SLDFK.3.a

        2. b

          Connect the project to their interests, experiences, and/or community needs.WA.ELA-LITERACY.SLDFK.3.b

        3. c

          Review progress and discuss what needs to happen next.WA.ELA-LITERACY.SLDFK.3.c

    3.  

      Public Speaking and Presentations  

      1. 4

        Students express experience, positions, ideas, findings, and creative work.WA.ELA-LITERACY.SLDFK.4

        1. a

          Identify topics from the situation, experience, imagination, reading, group research (see RMLK.4), media, conversations, and/or products from WK.1.WA.ELA-LITERACY.SLDFK.4.a

        2. b

          Develop content by considering what they want to communicate within the situation.WA.ELA-LITERACY.SLDFK.4.b

        3. c

          Use images, media, and artifacts in presentations to clarify content.WA.ELA-LITERACY.SLDFK.4.c

    4.  

      Voice

      1. 5

        Students determine how to present themselves and their ideas.WA.ELA-LITERACY.SLDFK.5

        1. a

          Express voice by building on strengths and personality.WA.ELA-LITERACY.SLDFK.5.a

        2. b

          Determine how to respond to others given the expectations of the community, their role, and how they wish to express themselves and their ideas. WA.ELA-LITERACY.SLDFK.5.b

        3. c

          Determine which language and/or languages support their purpose.WA.ELA-LITERACY.SLDFK.5.c

        4. d

          Determine what they want or do not want to share and why.WA.ELA-LITERACY.SLDFK.5.d

      2. 6

        Students use an audible voice, gesture, and pacing to illuminate the content. WA.ELA-LITERACY.SLDFK.6

Language 

  • LanguageK.

    Students develop command of the English language to speak and write clearly, and to comprehend more fully when reading, listening, or viewing. WA.ELA-LITERACY.LanguageK

    1.  

      Knowledge of Language

      1. 1

        Students notice when and why language is used differently at school, at home, and with peers.  WA.ELA-LITERACY.LK.1

        1. a

          Name familiar objects and topics as said at school, at home, and with peers. WA.ELA-LITERACY.LK.1.a

        2. b

          Identify when a word, phrase or sentence best answers a question. WA.ELA-LITERACY.LK.1.b

      2. 2

        Not in K. WA.ELA-LITERACY.LK.2

    2.  

      Structure and Function of English

      1. 3

        Students produce and expand complete sentences in group and individual activities in the context of conversations and writing about experiences, events, and kindergarten content. WA.ELA-LITERACY.LK.3

        1. a

          Produce simple sentences. WA.ELA-LITERACY.LK.3.a

        2. b

          Expand simple sentences by adding information or details that clarify the message. WA.ELA-LITERACY.LK.3.b

        3. c

          Capitalize the first word in a sentence. WA.ELA-LITERACY.LK.3.c

        4. d

          Recognize and name end punctuation. WA.ELA-LITERACY.LK.3.d

      2. 4

        Students use words and phrases acquired through conversations, reading, and being read to. WA.ELA-LITERACY.LK.4

        1. a

          Determine or clarify the meaning of new and multiple-meaning words and phrases. WA.ELA-LITERACY.LK.4.a

        2. b

          Understand and use high frequency nouns, verbs, and prepositions. WA.ELA-LITERACY.LK.4.b

        3. c

          Understand and use question words. WA.ELA-LITERACY.LK.4.c

        4. d

          Form regular plural nouns orally by adding /s/ or /es/. WA.ELA-LITERACY.LK.4.d

        5. e

          Capitalize the pronoun I. WA.ELA-LITERACY.LK.4.e

      3. 5

        Students explore word relationships and distinguish shades of meaning in the context of kindergarten conversations and reading about experiences, events, and ideas. WA.ELA-LITERACY.LK.5

        1. a

          Use the most frequently occurring affixes as a clue to the meaning of an unknown word. WA.ELA-LITERACY.LK.5.a

        2. b

          Identify real-life connections between words and their use by sorting common objects into categories to gain a sense of the concepts the categories represent. WA.ELA-LITERACY.LK.5.b

        3. c

          Demonstrate understanding of frequently occurring verbs and adjectives by relating them to their opposites. WA.ELA-LITERACY.LK.5.c

        4. d

          Distinguish shades of meaning among verbs describing the same general action. WA.ELA-LITERACY.LK.5.d

Research and Media Literacy

  • ResearchK .

    Students ask questions, seek answers from a variety of sources, and use their learning.WA.ELA-LITERACY.ResearchK

  • MediaLiteracyK.

    Students identify the effects and parts of media messages and people who provide information. WA.ELA-LITERACY.MediaLiteracyK

    1.  

      Research and Inquiry

      1. 1

        Students ask questions about a provided topic or things that make them curious.WA.ELA-LITERACY.RMLK.1

      2. 2

        Students seek answers from provided information sources.WA.ELA-LITERACY.RMLK.2

        1. a

          Discuss where they might find answers to their questions.WA.ELA-LITERACY.RMLK.2.a

        2. b

          Identify a variety of print and digital information sources and where to find them, including libraries.WA.ELA-LITERACY.RMLK.2.b

        3. c

          Observe adults using digital search tools.WA.ELA-LITERACY.RMLK.2.c

        4. d

          Talk with adults or peers about the topic.WA.ELA-LITERACY.RMLK.2.d

      3. 3

        Students identify relevant information from their searches.WA.ELA-LITERACY.RMLK.3

      4. 4

        Students use and/or share new learning.WA.ELA-LITERACY.RMLK.4

    2.  

      Media Literacy and Critical Thinking

      1. 5

        Students identify the effects of media messages.WA.ELA-LITERACY.RMLK.5

        1. a

          Identify how media messages make them feel.WA.ELA-LITERACY.RMLK.5.a

      2. 6

        Not in K. WA.ELA-LITERACY.RMLK.6

      3. 7

        Students identify characteristics of different parts of media messages.WA.ELA-LITERACY.RMLK.7

        1. a

          Identify facts and opinions within media messages.WA.ELA-LITERACY.RMLK.7.a

        2. b

          Identify what’s realistic and what’s pretend within media messages.WA.ELA-LITERACY.RMLK.7.b

        3. c

          Identify images within media messages.WA.ELA-LITERACY.RMLK.7.c

      4. 8

        Students identify people who provide information.WA.ELA-LITERACY.RMLK.8

        1. a

          Identify who decided what to include in a particular information source.WA.ELA-LITERACY.RMLK.8.a

        2. b

          Identify people who are experts on a particular topic and could provide information about it.WA.ELA-LITERACY.RMLK.8.b

      5. 9

        Not in K. WA.ELA-LITERACY.RMLK.9

Frequently asked questions

What grade levels do these standards cover?
Kindergarten
Where can I read the official document?
Public Draft WA State Learning Standards ELA

Keep exploring

Keep exploring English Language Arts standards

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