Grades 9, 10, 11, 12

Other Minnesota Social Studies sets

• Grade K
• Kindergarten: Foundations of Social Studies—Family and Community
• First Grade: Foundations of Social Studies – Communities and Culture
• Grade 1
• Grade 2
• Second Grade: Foundations of Social Studies – People and the Environment
• Grade 3
• Third Grade: Ancient World
• Fourth Grade: Contemporary World
• Grade 4
• Fifth Grade: Early American Studies
• Grade 5
• Grade 6
• Sixth Grade: Minnesota Studies
• Grade 7
• Seventh Grade: United States Studies
• Eighth Grade: Global Studies
• Grade 8
• Ethnic Studies
• Grades 9-12: Ethnic Studies
• Grades 9–12: Citizenship and Government
• Grades 9–12: Economics
• Grades 9–12: Geography
• Grades 9–12: History

Demonstrate skills that enable people to monitor and influence state, local and national affairs.9.1.1.1.1

Demonstrate the skills necessary to participate in the election process, including registering to vote, identifying and evaluating candidates and issues, and casting a ballot.9.1.1.1.2

Evaluate sources of information and various forms of political persuasion for validity, accuracy, ideology, emotional appeals, bias and prejudice.9.1.1.1.3

Examine a public policy issue by defining the problem, developing alternative courses of action, evaluating the consequences of each alternative, selecting a course of action, and designing a plan to implement the action and resolve the problem.9.1.1.1.4

Analyze how constitutionalism preserves fundamental societal values, protects individual freedoms and rights, promotes the general welfare, and responds to changing circumstances and beliefs by defining and limiting the powers of government.9.1.2.3.1

Identify the sources of governmental authority; explain popular sovereignty (consent of the governed) as the source of legitimate governmental authority in a representative democracy or republic.9.1.2.3.2

Define and provide examples of foundational ideas of American government which are embedded in founding era documents: natural rights philosophy, social contract, civic virtue, popular sovereignty, constitutionalism, representative democracy, political factions, federalism and individual rights.9.1.2.3.3

Analyze how the following tools of civic engagement are used to influence the American political system: civil disobedience, initiative, referendum and recall.9.1.2.3.4

Analyze the tensions between the government's dual role of protecting individual rights and promoting the general welfare, the struggle between majority rule and minority rights, and the conflict between diversity and unity.9.1.2.3.5

Analyze the meaning and importance of rights in the United States Constitution and the Bill of Rights and subsequent amendments; compare and contrast these with rights in the Minnesota Constitution.9.1.3.4.1

Explain the scope and limits of rights protected by the First and Second Amendments and changes created by legislative action and court interpretation.9.1.3.4.2

Explain the scope and limits of rights of the accused under the Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, and Eighth Amendments and changes created by legislative action and court interpretation.9.1.3.4.3

Explain the current and historical interpretations of the principles of due process and equal protection of the law; analyze the protections provided by the Fourteenth Amendment.9.1.3.4.4

Explain the responsibilities and duties for all individuals (citizens and non-citizens) in a republic.9.1.3.4.5

Define the legal meaning of citizenship in the United States, describe the process and requirements for citizenship, and explain the duties of citizenship including service in court proceedings (jury duty) and selective service registration (males).9.1.3.5.1

Describe the process of naturalization; explain the role of the federal government in establishing immigration policies.9.1.3.5.2

Explain federalism and the provisions of the United States Constitution which delegate to the federal government the powers necessary to fulfill the purposes for which it was established; distinguish between those powers and the powers retained by the people and the states.9.1.4.6.1

Explain the purposes, organization, functions and processes of the legislative branch as enumerated in Article I of the United States Constitution.9.1.4.6.2

Explain the purposes, organization, functions and processes of the executive branch as enumerated in Article II of the United States Constitution.9.1.4.6.3

Explain the purposes, organization, functions and processes of the judicial branch as enumerated in Article III of the United States Constitution.9.1.4.6.4

Describe the systems of enumerated and implied powers, separation of powers and checks and balances.9.1.4.6.5

Evaluate the importance of an independent judiciary, judicial review and the rule of law.9.1.4.6.6

Explain the powers and operations of the State of Minnesota government as defined in its Constitution and its relationship with the federal government.9.1.4.6.7

Explain the powers and operations of local (county, city, school board, township) government in Minnesota.9.1.4.6.8

Compare and contrast the budgets of the United States and Minnesota governments describing the major sources of revenue and categories of spending for each.9.1.4.6.9

Describe the purposes, types, and sources of laws and rules.9.1.4.7.1

Evaluate the impact of political parties on elections and public policy formation.9.1.4.8.1

Evaluate the role of interest groups, corporations, think tanks, the media and public opinion on the political process and public policy formation9.1.4.8.2

Analyze how the United States political system is shaped by elections and the election process, including the caucus system and procedures involved in voting.9.1.4.9.1

Explain how tribal sovereignty establishes a unique relationship between American Indian Nations and the United States government.9.1.5.10.1

Evaluate the effectiveness of diplomacy and other foreign policy tools used by the United States government and other nations in historical or contemporary times.9.1.5.10.2

Explain why governments interact in world affairs; describe how the United States government develops and carries out United States foreign policy, including treaty-making.9.1.5.10.3

Describe how individuals, businesses, labor and other groups influence United States foreign policy.9.1.5.11.1

Explain the role of international law in world affairs; evaluate the impact of the participation of nation states in international organizations.9.1.5.11.2

Compare the philosophies, structures and operations of different types of governments in other countries with those in the United States.9.1.5.12.1

Apply reasoned decision-making techniques in making choices; explain why different individuals, households, organizations and/or governments faced with the same alternatives might make different choices.9.2.1.1.1

Establish financial goals; make a financial plan considering budgeting and asset building to meet those goals; and determine ways to track the success of the plan.9.2.2.2.1

Evaluate investment options using criteria such as risk, return, liquidity and time horizon; evaluate and apply risk management strategies in investing and insuring decisions.9.2.2.2.2

Evaluate the benefits and costs of credit; describe the "three C's" of credit (character, capacity and collateral) and explain how these attributes can affect one's ability to borrow, rent, get a job and achieve other financial goals.9.2.2.2.3

Explain the pricing, sales, advertising and other marketing strategies used to sell products from a consumer perspective.9.2.2.2.4

Identify the incentives and trade-offs related to a choice made by an individual, household, organization or government; describe the opportunity cost of a choice; and analyze the consequences of a choice (both intended and unintended).9.2.3.3.1

Explain how the availability of productive resources and technology limits the production of goods and services.9.2.3.4.1

Compare and contrast the characteristics of traditional, command (planned), market-based (capitalistic) and mixed economic systems.9.2.3.4.2

Define broad economic goals and describe the trade-offs that exist between them; evaluate how different economic systems achieve these goals in theory and in practice.9.2.3.4.3

Describe the role of households, businesses and governments in the movement of resources, goods and services, and money in an economy.9.2.4.5.1

Describe the role of markets in the movement of resources, goods and services, and money in an economy.9.2.4.5.2

Explain that market demand is based on each buyer's willingness and ability to pay and the number of buyers in the market; analyze the effect of factors that can change demand.9.2.4.5.3

Explain that market supply is based on each seller's cost and the number of sellers in the market; analyze the effect of factors that can change supply.9.2.4.5.4

Use demand and supply curves to explain how the equilibrium price and quantity in a market is determined as buyers and sellers adjust their offers in response to shortages or surpluses.9.2.4.5.5

Explain how changes (shifts) in the demand and supply of an item result in changes in its market price and quantity; explain how these shifts can lead to changes in prices and quantities in other markets.9.2.4.5.6

Compare and contrast characteristics of various market structures.9.2.4.6.1

Explain the impact of various market structures on long-run profit, price, production, and efficiency in the market.9.2.4.6.2

Explain the role of productivity, human capital, unions, demographics and government policies in determining wage rates and income in labor markets.9.2.4.7.1

Explain the role of financial institutions and credit markets in the acquisition of capital.9.2.4.7.2

Describe commodities as natural resources necessary to produce goods and services; explain how world events and market speculation can affect commodity and other prices.9.2.4.7.3

Identify and analyze market failures caused by a lack of competition, lack of resource mobility (barriers), and lack of perfect information; evaluate the rationale and effectiveness of government attempts to remedy these problems.9.2.4.8.1

Identify and analyze market failures caused by poorly-defined or poorly-enforced property rights, externalities, and public goods; evaluate the rationale and effectiveness of government attempts to remedy these problems.9.2.4.8.2

Identify measures of income distribution, wealth distribution and poverty and explain how these affect, and are affected by, the economy; evaluate the effectiveness of, and incentives created by, government income redistribution programs.9.2.4.8.3

Measure economic growth in terms of percentage changes in real Gross Domestic Product over time; analyze past and recent data to identify factors that promote or impair long-run economic growth and its sustainability.9.2.5.9.1

Measure inflation in terms of a percentage change in a price index; analyze past and recent data to explain how the money supply is related to long-run inflation with the equation of exchange.9.2.5.9.2

Measure full employment in terms of the unemployment rate and various types of unemployment; analyze past and recent data to describe factors that impact the long-run growth of jobs in an economy.9.2.5.9.3

Describe factors that can lead to changes in short-run total spending (by households, businesses, governments and foreigners) and changes in short-run output.9.2.5.10.1

Use a short-run aggregate demand and aggregate supply model to describe changes in output, employment and the price level.9.2.5.10.2

Explain how various government fiscal policies are likely to impact overall output, employment and the price level.9.2.5.11.1

Describe how various monetary policies of the Federal Reserve are implemented; explain how they are likely to impact overall output, employment, and the price level.9.2.5.11.2

Explain fiscal and monetary policies from various perspectives; provide arguments from one's own perspective, supported by analysis, for a policy change that should be adopted.9.2.5.11.3

Evaluate the impact of at least two United States Supreme Court decisions on the United States economy.9.2.5.11.4

Apply the principles of absolute and comparative advantage to explain the increase in world production due to specialization and trade; identify the groups that benefit and lose with free-trade treaties, trading blocs and trade barriers.9.2.5.12.1

Explain how the demand and supply of currencies determines exchange rates and, in turn, affects trade.9.2.5.12.2

Create tables, graphs, charts, diagrams and various kinds of maps including symbol, dot and choropleth maps to depict the geographic implications of current world events or to solve geographic problems.9.3.1.1.1

Apply geographic information from a variety of print and electronic sources to interpret the past and present and plan for the future; provide rationale for using specific technologies for each application.9.3.1.1.2

Use geospatial technologies to make and justify decisions about the best location for facilities.9.3.1.2.1

Use geospatial technologies to develop plans for analyzing and solving local and regional problems that have spatial dimensions.9.3.1.2.2

Make inferences and draw conclusions about the physical and human characteristics of places based on a comparison of maps and other geographic representations and geospatial technologies.9.3.2.3.1

Apply geographic models to explain the location of economic activities and land use patterns in the United States and the world.9.3.2.4.1

Identify the primary factors influencing the regional pattern of economic activities in the United States and the world.9.3.2.4.2

Explain how technological and managerial changes associated with the third agricultural revolution, pioneered by Norman Bourlaug, have impacted regional patterns of crop and livestock production.9.3.2.4.3

Describe patterns of production and consumption of agricultural commodities that are traded among nations.9.3.2.4.4

Describe the patterns of human population distribution in the United States and major regions of the world.9.3.3.5.1

Use the demographic transition model to analyze and explain the impact of changing birth and death rates in major world regions.9.3.3.5.2

Compare the population characteristics of places at a range of scales using population pyramids, birth and death rates, and other key demographic variables.9.3.3.5.3

Explain migration patterns in the modern era at a range of scales, local to global.9.3.3.5.4

Describe the factors influencing the growth and spatial distribution of large cities in the contemporary world.9.3.3.6.1

Analyze how transportation and communication systems have affected the development of systems of cities.9.3.3.6.2

Describe how changes in transportation and communication technologies affect the patterns and processes of urbanization of the United States.9.3.3.6.3

Describe the factors (transportation, government policies, economic development, and changing cultural values) that shape and change urban and suburban areas in the United States. Use generally accepted models to explain the internal spatial structure of cities in regions of the United States and other regions in the world.9.3.3.6.4

Explain the spread of culture using the concept of diffusion and diffusion models.9.3.3.7.1

Describe the spatial distribution of significant cultural and/or ethnic groups in the United States and the world and how these patterns are changing.9.3.3.7.2

Explain how social, political and economic processes influence the characteristics of places and regions.9.3.3.7.3

Define the concepts of nationalism and sovereign political states and explain how sovereignty is impacted by international agreements.9.3.3.8.1

Describe the effects of nationalism and supranationalism on the establishment of political boundaries and economic activities9.3.3.8.2

Analyze the impact of colonialism on the emergence of independent states and the tensions that arise when the boundaries of political units do not correspond to the nationalities or ethnicities of the people living within them.9.3.3.8.3

Analyze the interconnectedness of the environment and human activities (including the use of technology), and the impact of one upon the other.9.3.4.9.1

Describe patterns of production and consumption of fossil fuels that are traded among nations.9.3.4.10.1

Pose questions about topics in history; suggest possible answers and write a thesis; locate and organize primary and secondary sources; analyze them for credibility and bias; corroborate information across the sources; use sources to support or refute the thesis; and present supported findings.9.4.1.2.1

Evaluate alternative interpretations of historical events; use historical evidence to support or refute those interpretations.9.4.1.2.2

Develop a timeline that traces the migration of the earliest humans from Africa to other world regions, including the Americas; analyze the environmental factors that enabled their migration to other world regions and the ways in which they adapted to different environments. (The Beginnings of Human History: 200,000-8000 BCE)9.4.3.6.1

Locate on a map and describe when and how humans began to domesticate wild plants and animals and develop agricultural societies. (Early Civilizations and the Emergence of Pastoral Peoples: 8000 BCE-2000 BCE)9.4.3.7.1

Compare and contrast the cultural differences between the hunter gatherer and early agricultural societies. (Early Civilizations and the Emergence of Pastoral Peoples: 8000 BCE-2000 BCE)9.4.3.7.2

Describe the development, characteristics, and decline of civilizations in Africa, East Asia, and South Asia; describe their interactions. (Classical Traditions, Belief Systems, and Giant Empires: 2000 BCE – 600 CE)9.4.3.8.1

Describe the development, characteristics, and decline of civilizations in Southwest Asia and around the Mediterranean Sea (Mesopotamia, Egypt, Persia, Greece, Rome); describe their interactions. (Classical Traditions, Belief Systems, and Giant Empires: 2000 BCE – 600 CE)9.4.3.8.2

Analyze the emergence, development, and impact of religions and philosophies of this era, including Hinduism, Confucianism, Buddhism, Judaism and Christianity. (Classical Traditions, Belief Systems, and Giant Empires: 2000 BCE – 600 CE)9.4.3.8.3

Describe the rise and significance of Islam in Southwest Asia and its expansion and institutionalization into other regions. (Post-Classical and Medieval Civilizations and Expanding Zones of Exchange: 600-1450)9.4.3.9.1

Describe the characteristics of the Swahili, Ghana and Mali Songhai cultures in Africa, including trade across longer distances and the impact of Islam. (Post-Classical and Medieval Civilizations and Expanding Zones of Exchange: 600-1450)9.4.3.9.2

Compare and contrast the cultures of China (Yuan/Mongol and Ming) and Japan (Heian and early Shogunates), including the consolidation of belief systems. (Post-Classical and Medieval Civilizations and Expanding Zones of Exchange: 600-1450)9.4.3.9.3

Analyze the impact of Indian Ocean trade on the cultures in South and Southeast Asia. (Post-Classical and Medieval Civilizations and Expanding Zones of Exchange: 600-1450)9.4.3.9.4

Compare and contrast the cultures in eastern and western Europe, including the role of Christianity, feudalism and the impact of diseases and climate change. (Post-Classical and Medieval Civilizations and Expanding Zones of Exchange: 600-1450)9.4.3.9.5

Analyze the factors that led to the emergence and expansion of the multi-ethnic Aztec and Inca empires in the Americas. (Post-Classical and Medieval Civilizations and Expanding Zones of Exchange: 600-1450)9.4.3.9.6

Describe the intensified exchanges of scientific, artistic and historical knowledge among Europe, Africa and Southwest Asia; evaluate the impact on Christian and Islamic societies. (Post-Classical and Medieval Civilizations and Expanding Zones of Exchange: 600-1450)9.4.3.9.7

Describe the Reformation and Counter-Reformation; analyze their impact throughout the Atlantic world. (Emergence of the First Global Age: 1450-1750)9.4.3.10.1

Explain the social, political and economic changes in Europe that led to trans-oceanic exploration and colonization. (Emergence of the First Global Age: 1450-1750)9.4.3.10.2

Describe the impact of interactions and negotiations between African leaders and European traders on long-distance trade networks. (Emergence of the First Global Age: 1450-1750)9.4.3.10.3

Describe the interactions and negotiations between Americans (Mayans, Aztecs, Incas) and European explorers, as well as the consequences. (Emergence of the First Global Age: 1450-1750)9.4.3.10.4

Assess the social and demographic impact of the Columbian Exchange on Europe, the Americas and Africa. (Emergence of the First Global Age: 1450-1750)9.4.3.10.5

Compare and contrast the forms of slavery and other non-free labor systems among African, European and Arab societies; analyze the causes and consequences of chattel slavery in the Atlantic. (Emergence of the First Global Age: 1450-1750)9.4.3.10.6

Describe the expansion of the Ottoman empire; define its relationships and exchanges with neighboring societies and religious and ethnic minorities. (Emergence of the First Global Age: 1450-1750)9.4.3.10.7

Analyze the varied responses in China and Japan to increasingly worldwide economic and cultural exchanges. (Emergence of the First Global Age: 1450-1750)9.4.3.10.8

Identify the major intellectual and scientific developments of seventeenth and eighteenth-century Europe; describe the regional and global influences on the European Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment, and assess their impact on global society. (Emergence of the First Global Age: 1450-1750)9.4.3.10.9

Describe the causes and the regional and global impact of the Industrial Revolution. (The Age of Revolutions: 1750-1922)9.4.3.11.1

Explain the causes and global consequences of the French Revolution and Napoleonic Era. (The Age of Revolutions: 1750-1922)9.4.3.11.2

Describe the independence movements and rebellions in the Caribbean and Central and South America; analyze the social, political and economic causes and consequences of these events. (The Age of Revolutions: 1750-1922)9.4.3.11.3

Compare and contrast the shift from chattel slavery to other forms of labor in different world regions, and its effects on world-wide migration patterns. (The Age of Revolutions: 1750-1922)9.4.3.11.4

Describe the origins and spread of the transatlantic abolition movement; evaluate its effects on the end of the African slave trade and chattel slavery in law and in practice. (The Age of Revolutions: 1750-1922)9.4.3.11.5

Compare and contrast the development and results of state building and nationalism in the nineteenth century. (The Age of Revolutions: 1750-1922)9.4.3.11.6

Describe European imperialism; explain its effects on interactions with colonized peoples in Africa and Asia. (The Age of Revolutions: 1750-1922)9.4.3.11.7

Compare and contrast the approaches of China and Japan to Western influence. (The Age of Revolutions: 1750-1922)9.4.3.11.8

Describe the social, political and economic causes and consequences of World War I. (A Half Century of Crisis and Achievement: 1900-1950)9.4.3.12.1

Describe the rise and effects of communism and socialism in Europe and Asia, including the Bolshevik Revolution (1917) in Russia and the Chinese Revolution (1949). (A Half Century of Crisis & Achievement: 1900-1950)9.4.3.12.2

Describe the social, political and economic causes and main turning points of World War II. (A Half Century of Crisis and Achievement: 1900-1950)9.4.3.12.3

Describe the causes and consequences of the Nazi Holocaust, including the effects of the Nazi regime's "war against the Jews" and other groups, and its influence on the 1948 United Nations Declaration of Human Rights and other human rights movements of the post-WW II era. (A Half Century of Crisis and Achievement: 1900-1950)9.4.3.12.4

Identify major developments in science, medicine, and technology; analyze their benefits and dangers. (A Half Century of Crisis and Achievement: 1900-1950)9.4.3.12.5

Trace the political and economic changes in China from the Communist Revolution until recent times. (The World After World War II: 1950-1989)9.4.3.13.1

Evaluate the degree to which individuals and groups have shaped the development of various post-colonial governments. (The World After World War II: 1950-1989)9.4.3.13.2

Explain how the Cold War shaped the global geopolitical climate, including proxy wars and the Non-Aligned Movement. (The World After World War II: 1950-1989)9.4.3.13.3

Describe the response of the world community to human rights violations, including the response to apartheid in South Africa. (The World After World War II: 1950-1989)9.4.3.13.4

Analyze the causes and consequences of the long-term unrest in the Middle East. (The New Global Era: 1989 to Present)9.4.3.14.1

Analyze the social, political and economic impact of globalization and technological advancement, including the effects on the economies of developing countries and the impact on political power and political boundaries. (The New Global Era: 1989 to Present)9.4.3.14.2

Compare and contrast selected examples of diverse societies that existed in North America prior to contact with Europeans; analyze their life ways, social organizations, political institutions, and the effect of their religious beliefs on environmental adaptations. (Before European Contact)9.4.4.15.1

Describe change over time in selected indigenous nations, including migration, trade and conflict. (Before European Contact)9.4.4.15.2

Analyze the consequences of the transatlantic Columbian Exchange of peoples, animals, plants and pathogens on North American societies and ecosystems. (Colonization and Settlement: 1585-1763)9.4.4.16.1

Compare and contrast the motivations for exploration, conquest and colonization in North America by different European nations. (Colonization and Settlement: 1585-1763)9.4.4.16.2

Identify the varied economic, political and religious motives of free and indentured European immigrants who settled in North America. (Colonization and Settlement: 1585-1763)9.4.4.16.3

Explain the origin and growth of the Atlantic slave trade; describe its demographic, economic, and political impact on West Africa, Europe, and the Americas (North America, Caribbean, Central and South America), including the impact on enslaved Africans. (Colonization and Settlement: 1585-1763)9.4.4.16.4

Analyze the impact of European colonization within North America on indigenous nations; analyze the impact of indigenous nations on colonization. (Colonization and Settlement: 1585-1763)9.4.4.16.5

Compare and contrast the development of regional economies and labor systems in the British North American colonies (New England, Mid-Atlantic, and Southern colonies), including regional differences in the experiences of indentured servants, enslaved Africans and indigenous people. (Colonization and Settlement: 1585-1763)9.4.4.16.6

Describe the growth of colonial societies in British North America, including the evolution of representative forms of government, increased ethnic and religious pluralism, and changing concepts of racial identity, gender roles and family organization. (Colonization and Settlement: 1585-1763)9.4.4.16.7

Describe the political and military events that caused some North American colonies to break with Great Britain, wage war and proclaim a new nation in 1776. (Revolution and a New Nation: 1754-1800)9.4.4.17.1

Analyze the American revolutionaries' justifications, principles and ideals as expressed in the Declaration of Independence; identify the sources of these principles and ideals and their impact on subsequent revolutions in Europe, the Caribbean, and Latin America. (Revolution and a New Nation: 1754-1800)9.4.4.17.2

Develop a timeline of the major events and turning points of the American Revolution, including the involvement of other nations; analyze the reasons for American victory. (Revolution and a New Nation: 1754-1800)9.4.4.17.3

Analyze the arguments about the organization and powers of the federal government between 1783 and 1800, including the debates over the Articles of Confederation, the Constitution and the Bill of Rights; explain the origins of the two-party political system and the significance of the election of 1800. (Revolution and a New Nation: 1754-1800)9.4.4.17.4

Analyze the differential impact of technological change and innovation on regional economic development and labor systems. (Expansion and Reform: 1792-1861)9.4.4.18.1

Analyze how the expansion of United States territory and redefinition of borders affected the relationship of the United States with other nations, provided land for settlement, and resulted in political conflict. (Expansion and Reform: 1792-1861)9.4.4.18.2

Analyze changes in the United States political system including the simultaneous expansion and constriction of voting rights and the development of new political parties. (Expansion and Reform: 1792-1861)9.4.4.18.3

Describe the efforts of individuals, communities and institutions to promote cultural, religious and social reform movements. (Expansion and Reform: 1792-1861)9.4.4.18.4

Analyze the strategies, goals and impact of the key movements to promote political, cultural (including artistic and literary), religious and social reform. (Expansion and Reform: 1792-1861)9.4.4.18.5

Evaluate the responses of both enslaved and free Blacks to slavery in the Antebellum period. (Expansion and Reform: 1792-1861)9.4.4.18.6

Compare and contrast the regional economies, societies, cultures and politics of the North, South and West leading up to the Civil War. (Civil War and Reconstruction: 1850-1877)9.4.4.19.1

Describe the recurring antebellum debates over slavery and state's rights, popular sovereignty, and political compromise; analyze how the American political system broke down in the 1850s and culminated in southern Secession, the establishment of the Confederate States of America, and the Union response. (Civil War and Reconstruction: 1850-1877)9.4.4.19.2

Describe the course of the Civil War, identifying key political and military leaders, issues, events and turning points on battlefields and home fronts, in South, North and West. (Civil War and Reconstruction: 1850-1877)9.4.4.19.3

Describe significant individuals, groups and institutions involved in the struggle for rights for African-Americans; analyze the stages and processes by which enslaved African-Americans were freed and emancipation was achieved during the war. (Civil War and Reconstruction: 1850-1877)9.4.4.19.4

Describe how the political policies, innovations and technology of the Civil War era had a lasting impact on United States society. (Civil War and Reconstruction: 1850-1877)9.4.4.19.5

Outline the federal policies of war-time and post-war United States; explain the impact of these policies on Southern politics, society, the economy, race relations and gender roles. (Civil War and Reconstruction: 1850-1877)9.4.4.19.6

Describe the content, context, and consequences of the Thirteenth, Fourteenth and Fifteenth amendments; evaluate the successes and failures of the Reconstruction, including the election of 1876, in relation to freedom and equality across the nation. (Civil War and Reconstruction: 1850-1877)9.4.4.19.7

Explain how technological innovation, heavy industrialization, and intensified boom-bust cycles of an unregulated capitalist economy led to changes in the nature of work, economic scale and productivity, the advent of the modern corporation, and the rise of national labor unions. (Development of an Industrial United States: 1870-1920)9.4.4.20.1

Analyze how immigration and internal migration changed the demographic and settlement patterns of the United States population. (Development of an Industrial United States: 1870-1920)9.4.4.20.2

Analyze how the shift to mechanized farming and industrial production changed patterns in social organization, consumption and popular culture, and domestic life, including the rapid growth of cities in diverse regions of the country. (Development of an Industrial United States: 1870-1920)9.4.4.20.3

Explain changes in federal Indian policy, especially in the areas of removal, sovereignty, land ownership, education and assimilation; describe the impact of the federal policies and responses by indigenous nations. (Development of an Industrial United States: 1870-1920)9.4.4.20.4

Describe "Jim Crow" racial segregation and disenfranchisement in the South, the rise of "scientific racism," the spread of racial violence across the nation, the anti-Chinese exclusion movement in the West, and the debates about how to preserve and expand freedom and equality. (Development of an Industrial United States: 1870-1920)9.4.4.20.5

Describe the major political and social reform movements of the Progressive Era; analyze their impact on individuals, communities and institutions. (Development of an Industrial United States: 1870-1920)9.4.4.20.6

Evaluate the effectiveness of political responses to the problems of industrialism, monopoly capitalism, urbanization and political corruption. (Development of an Industrial United States: 1870-1920)9.4.4.20.7

Explain how the United States became a world power via trade and the imperialist acquisition of new territories. (Development of an Industrial United States: 1870-1920)9.4.4.20.8

Describe the implications of United States involvement in World War I on domestic and foreign policy. (Development of an Industrial United States: 1870-1920)9.4.4.20.9

Describe the contributions of individuals and communities in relation to the art, literature and music of the period. (Great Depression and World War II: 1920-1945)9.4.4.21.1

Analyze the economic causes of the Great Depression and the impact on individuals, communities and institutions. (Great Depression and World War II: 1920-1945)9.4.4.21.2

Analyze how the New Deal addressed the struggles of the Great Depression and transformed the role of government. (Great Depression and World War II: 1920-1945)9.4.4.21.3

Describe the role of the United States as an emerging world leader and its attempts to secure peace and remain neutral; explain the factors that led the United States to choose a side for war. (Great Depression and World War II: 1920-1945)9.4.4.21.4

Identify major conflicts of World War II; compare and contrast military campaigns in the European and Pacific theaters. (Great Depression and World War II: 1920-1945)9.4.4.21.5

Evaluate the economic impact of the war, including its impact on the role of women and disenfranchised communities in the United States. (Great Depression and World War II: 1920-1945)9.4.4.21.6

Analyze the technological and societal changes that affected popular culture in the post WWII era. (Post-World War II United States: 1945-1989)9.4.4.22.1

Compare and contrast market and command economic systems and their associated political ideologies; explain how these differences contributed to the development of the Cold War. (Post-World War II United States: 1945-1989)9.4.4.22.2

Analyze the role of the United States in Southeast Asia including the Vietnam War; evaluate the impact of the domestic response to the war. (Post-World War II United States: 1945-1989)9.4.4.22.3

Analyze the causes and effects of the United States Secret War in Laos and how Hmong allies were impacted as a result of their involvement in this war. (Post-World War II United States: 1945-1989)9.4.4.22.4

Explain the roots of the various civil rights movements, including African American, Native American, women, Latino American and Asian American. (Post-World War II United States: 1945-1989)9.4.4.22.5

Identify obstacles to the success of the various civil rights movements; explain tactics used to overcome the obstacles and the role of key leaders and groups. (Post-World War II United States: 1945-1989)9.4.4.22.6

Evaluate the legacy and lasting effects of the various civil rights movements of the 1960s and 70s; explain their connections to current events and concerns. (Post-World War II United States: 1945-1989)9.4.4.22.7

Identify the changes over time in federal American Indian policy in terms of sovereignty, land ownership, citizenship, education and religious freedom; analyze the impact of these policies on indigenous nations. (Post-World War II United States: 1945-1989)9.4.4.22.8

Evaluate the effectiveness of United States policies in ending the Cold War. (Post-World War II United States: 1945-1989)9.4.4.22.9

Describe the competing views about the role of government in American life since 1980. (The United States in a New Global Age: 1980-present)9.4.4.23.1

Explain how United States involvement in world affairs after the Cold War continues to affect modern foreign policy. (The United States in a New Global Age: 1980-present)9.4.4.23.2

Explain the difference between an immigrant and a refugee; describe various immigrant, migrant and refugee groups including Hmong, Somali and Latinos who have come to the United States; analyze their contributions to United States society. (The United States in a New Global Age: 1980-present)9.4.4.23.3

Analyze the impact of twenty-first century technological innovations on society. (The United States in a New Global Age: 1980-present)9.4.4.23.4

Evaluate the United States' global economic connections and interdependence with other countries. (The United States in a New Global Age: 1980-present)9.4.4.23.5