Social and Instructional Language

  • Narrate.

    NarrateELD-SI.4-12.Narrate

  • Inform.

    InformELD-SI.4-12.Inform

  • Explain.

    ExplainELD-SI.4-12.Explain

  • Argue.

    ArgueELD-SI.4-12.Argue

Share ideas about one’s own and others’ lived experiences and previous learningELD-SI.4-12.Narrate

  • Narrate.

    Share ideas about one’s own and others’ lived experiences and previous learningELD-SI.4-12.Narrate

Connect stories with images and representations to add meaningELD-SI.4-12.Narrate

  • Narrate.

    Connect stories with images and representations to add meaningELD-SI.4-12.Narrate

Identify and raise questions about what might be unexplained, missing, or left unsaidELD-SI.4-12.Narrate

  • Narrate.

    Identify and raise questions about what might be unexplained, missing, or left unsaidELD-SI.4-12.Narrate

Recount and restate ideas to sustain and move dialogue forward ELD-SI.4-12.Narrate

  • Narrate.

    Recount and restate ideas to sustain and move dialogue forward ELD-SI.4-12.Narrate

Create closure, recap, and offer next stepsELD-SI.4-12.Narrate

  • Narrate.

    Create closure, recap, and offer next stepsELD-SI.4-12.Narrate

Define and classify facts and interpretations; determine what is known vs. unknownELD-SI.4-12.Inform

  • Inform.

    Define and classify facts and interpretations; determine what is known vs. unknownELD-SI.4-12.Inform

Report on explicit and inferred characteristics, patterns, or behaviorELD-SI.4-12.Inform

  • Inform.

    Report on explicit and inferred characteristics, patterns, or behaviorELD-SI.4-12.Inform

Describe the parts and wholes of a systemELD-SI.4-12.Inform

  • Inform.

    Describe the parts and wholes of a systemELD-SI.4-12.Inform

Sort, clarify, and summarize relationshipsELD-SI.4-12.Inform

  • Inform.

    Sort, clarify, and summarize relationshipsELD-SI.4-12.Inform

Summarize most important aspects of informationELD-SI.4-12.Inform

  • Inform.

    Summarize most important aspects of informationELD-SI.4-12.Inform

Generate and convey initial thinkingELD-SI.4-12.Explain

  • Explain.

    Generate and convey initial thinkingELD-SI.4-12.Explain

Follow and describe cycles and sequences of steps or procedures and their causes and effectsELD-SI.4-12.Explain

  • Explain.

    Follow and describe cycles and sequences of steps or procedures and their causes and effectsELD-SI.4-12.Explain

Compare changing variables, factors, and circumstancesELD-SI.4-12.Explain

  • Explain.

    Compare changing variables, factors, and circumstancesELD-SI.4-12.Explain

Offer alternatives to extend or deepen awareness of factors that contribute to particular outcomesELD-SI.4-12.Explain

  • Explain.

    Offer alternatives to extend or deepen awareness of factors that contribute to particular outcomesELD-SI.4-12.Explain

Act on feedback to revise understandings of how or why something is or works in particular waysELD-SI.4-12.Explain

  • Explain.

    Act on feedback to revise understandings of how or why something is or works in particular waysELD-SI.4-12.Explain

Generate questions about different perspectivesELD-SI.4-12.Argue

  • Argue.

    Generate questions about different perspectivesELD-SI.4-12.Argue

Support or challenge an opinion, premise, or interpretationELD-SI.4-12.Argue

  • Argue.

    Support or challenge an opinion, premise, or interpretationELD-SI.4-12.Argue

Clarify and elaborate ideas based on feedback ELD-SI.4-12.Argue

  • Argue.

    Clarify and elaborate ideas based on feedback ELD-SI.4-12.Argue

Evaluate changes in thinking, identifying trade-offsELD-SI.4-12.Argue

  • Argue.

    Evaluate changes in thinking, identifying trade-offsELD-SI.4-12.Argue

Refine claims and reasoning based on new information or evidenceELD-SI.4-12.Argue

  • Argue.

    Refine claims and reasoning based on new information or evidenceELD-SI.4-12.Argue

Language for Language Arts

  •  

    Narrate

    1. Interpretive.

      Interpret language arts narratives byELD-LA.9-12.Narrate.Interpretive

      1. Interpretive.

        Identifying themes or central ideas that develop over the course of a textELD-LA.9-12.Narrate.Interpretive

      2. Interpretive.

        Analyzing how author choices about character attributes and actions relate to story elements (setting, event sequences, and context)ELD-LA.9-12.Narrate.Interpretive

      3. Interpretive.

        Evaluating the impact of specific word choices on meaning, tone, and explicit vs. implicit points of viewELD-LA.9-12.Narrate.Interpretive

    2. Expressive.

      Construct language arts narratives that ELD-LA.9-12.Narrate.Expressive

      1. Expressive.

        Orient audience to context and one or multiple point(s) of viewELD-LA.9-12.Narrate.Expressive

      2. Expressive.

        Develop and describe characters and their relationships over a progression of experiences or events ELD-LA.9-12.Narrate.Expressive

      3. Expressive.

        Develop story, advancing the plot and themes with complications and resolutions, time and event sequencesELD-LA.9-12.Narrate.Expressive

      4. Expressive.

        Engage and adjust for audience ELD-LA.9-12.Narrate.Expressive

  •  

    Inform

    1. Interpretive.

      Interpret informational texts in language arts by ELD-LA.9-12.Inform.Interpretive

      1. Interpretive.

        Identifying and/or summarizing central ideasELD-LA.9-12.Inform.Interpretive

      2. Interpretive.

        Analyzing descriptions and inferences in textual evidence for key attributes, qualities, characteristics, activities, and conceptual relationshipsELD-LA.9-12.Inform.Interpretive

      3. Interpretive.

        Evaluating cumulative impact and refinement of author’s key word choices over the course of textELD-LA.9-12.Inform.Interpretive

    2. Expressive.

      Construct informational texts in language arts thatELD-LA.9-12.Inform.Expressive

      1. Expressive.

        Introduce and define topic and/or entity for audienceELD-LA.9-12.Inform.Expressive

      2. Expressive.

        Establish an objective or neutral stanceELD-LA.9-12.Inform.Expressive

      3. Expressive.

        Add precision, details, and clarity about complex attributes, qualities, characteristics, activities, and conceptual relationshipsELD-LA.9-12.Inform.Expressive

      4. Expressive.

        Develop coherence and cohesion throughout textELD-LA.9-12.Inform.Expressive

  •  

    Argue

    1. Interpretive.

      Interpret language arts arguments byELD-LA.9-12.Argue.Interpretive

      1. Interpretive.

        Identifying and summarizing central ideas of primary or secondary sourcesELD-LA.9-12.Argue.Interpretive

      2. Interpretive.

        Analyzing use of rhetoric and details to advance point of view or purposeELD-LA.9-12.Argue.Interpretive

      3. Interpretive.

        Evaluating and corroborating relevance and sufficiency of evidence as well as validity of reasoning to support claims  ELD-LA.9-12.Argue.Interpretive

    2. Expressive.

      Construct language arts arguments thatELD-LA.9-12.Argue.Expressive

      1. Expressive.

        Introduce and develop precise claims and address counterclaimsELD-LA.9-12.Argue.Expressive

      2. Expressive.

        Support claims and refute counterclaims with valid reasoning and relevant and sufficient evidence ELD-LA.9-12.Argue.Expressive

      3. Expressive.

        Establish and maintain a formal style and objective tone  ELD-LA.9-12.Argue.Expressive

      4. Expressive.

        Logically organize claims, counterclaims, reasons, and evidence; offer a conclusion with recommendationsELD-LA.9-12.Argue.Expressive

Language for Mathematics

  •  

    Explain

    1. Interpretive.

      Multilingual learners use language to interpret mathematical explanations byELD-MA.9-12.Explain.Interpretive

      1. Interpretive.

        Identifying concept or entityELD-MA.9-12.Explain.Interpretive

      2. Interpretive.

        Analyzing data and owning problem-solving approachesELD-MA.9-12.Explain.Interpretive

      3. Interpretive.

        Evaluating rationales, models, and/or interpretations based on evidence and mathematical principlesELD-MA.9-12.Explain.Interpretive

    2. Expressive.

      Multilingual learners use language to construct mathematical explanations thatELD-MA.9-12.Explain.Expressive

      1. Expressive.

        Introduce mathematical concept or entityELD-MA.9-12.Explain.Expressive

      2. Expressive.

        Share solutions with othersELD-MA.9-12.Explain.Expressive

      3. Expressive.

        Describe data and/or approach used to solve a problemELD-MA.9-12.Explain.Expressive

      4. Expressive.

        State reasoning used to generate own or alternate solutionsELD-MA.9-12.Explain.Expressive

  •  

    Argue

    1. Interpretive.

      Interpret mathematics arguments byELD-MA .9-12 .Argue .Interpretive

      1. Interpretive.

        Comparing conjectures with previously established results and stated assumptionsELD-MA .9-12 .Argue .Interpretive

      2. Interpretive.

        Distinguishing correct from flawed logicELD-MA .9-12 .Argue .Interpretive

      3. Interpretive.

        Evaluating relationships among evidence and mathematical principles to create generalizationsELD-MA .9-12 .Argue .Interpretive

    2. Expressive.

      Construct mathematics arguments thatELD-MA.9-12.Argue.Expressive

      1. Expressive.

        Create precise conjecture, using definitions, previously established results, and stated assumptions ELD-MA.9-12.Argue.Expressive

      2. Expressive.

        Generalize logical relationships across casesELD-MA.9-12.Argue.Expressive

      3. Expressive.

        Justify (and refute) conclusions with evidence and mathematical principlesELD-MA.9-12.Argue.Expressive

      4. Expressive.

        Evaluate and extend others’ argumentsELD-MA.9-12.Argue.Expressive

Language for Science

  •  

    Explain

    1. Interpretive.

      Interpret scientific explanations by  ELD-SC.9-12.Explain.Interpretive

      1. Interpretive.

        Defining investigable questions or problems based on observations, information, and/or data about a phenomenonELD-SC.9-12.Explain.Interpretive

      2. Interpretive.

        Paraphrasing central ideas in complex evidence, concepts, processes, and information to help explain how or why a phenomenon occursELD-SC.9-12.Explain.Interpretive

      3. Interpretive.

        Evaluating the extent to which reasoning, theory and/or models link evidence to claims and support conclusionsELD-SC.9-12.Explain.Interpretive

    2. Expressive.

      Construct scientific explanations thatELD-SC.9-12.Explain.Expressive

      1. Expressive.

        Describe reliable and valid evidence from multiple sources about a phenomenonELD-SC.9-12.Explain.Expressive

      2. Expressive.

        Establish neutral or objective stance in how results are communicatedELD-SC.9-12.Explain.Expressive

      3. Expressive.

        Develop reasoning to illustrate and/ or predict the relationships between variables in a system or between components of a systemELD-SC.9-12.Explain.Expressive

      4. Expressive.

        Summarize and refine solutions referencing scientific knowledge, evidence, criteria, and/or trade-offsELD-SC.9-12.Explain.Expressive

  •  

    Argue

    1. Interpretive.

      Interpret scientific arguments byELD-SC.9-12.Argue.Interpretive

      1. Interpretive.

        Identifying appropriate and sufficient evidence from data, models, and/or information from investigations of a phenomenon or design solutionsELD-SC.9-12.Argue.Interpretive

      2. Interpretive.

        Comparing reasoning and claims based on evidence from competing arguments or design solutionsELD-SC.9-12.Argue.Interpretive

      3. Interpretive.

        Evaluating currently accepted explanations, new evidence, limitations (trade-offs), constraints, and ethical issuesELD-SC.9-12.Argue.Interpretive

    2. Expressive.

      Construct scientific arguments that ELD-SC.9-12.Argue.Expressive

      1. Expressive.

        Introduce and contextualize topic/ phenomenon in current scientific or historical episodes in scienceELD-SC.9-12.Argue.Expressive

      2. Expressive.

        Defend or refute a claim based on data and evidenceELD-SC.9-12.Argue.Expressive

      3. Expressive.

        Establish and maintain an appropriate tone and stance (neutral/objective or biased/subjective)ELD-SC.9-12.Argue.Expressive

      4. Expressive.

        Signal logical relationships among reasoning, evidence, data, and/or models when making and defending a claim, counterclaim, and/or rebuttalELD-SC.9-12.Argue.Expressive

Language for Social Studies

  •  

    Explain

    1. Interpretive.

      Interpret social studies explanations byELD-SS.9-12.Explain.Interpretive

      1. Interpretive.

        Determining multiple types of sources, points of view in sources, and potential uses of sources for answering compelling and supporting questions about phenomena or eventsELD-SS.9-12.Explain.Interpretive

      2. Interpretive.

        Analyzing sources for logical relationships among contributing factors, causes, or related conceptsELD-SS.9-12.Explain.Interpretive

      3. Interpretive.

        Evaluating experts’ points of agreement and disagreement based on their consistency with explanation given its purposeELD-SS.9-12.Explain.Interpretive

    2. Expressive.

      Construct social studies explanations thatELD-SS.9-12.Explain.Expressive

      1. Expressive.

        Introduce and contextualize multiple phenomena or events ELD-SS.9-12.Explain.Expressive

      2. Expressive.

        Establish perspective for communicating intended and unintended outcomes, consequences, or documentationELD-SS.9-12.Explain.Expressive

      3. Expressive.

        Develop sound reasoning, sequences with linear and nonlinear relationships, evidence, and details with significant and pertinent information, acknowledging strengths and weaknessesELD-SS.9-12.Explain.Expressive

      4. Expressive.

        Generalize experts’ points of agreement and disagreement about multiple, complex causes and effects of developments or eventsELD-SS.9-12.Explain.Expressive

  •  

    Argue

    1. Interpretive.

      Interpret social studies arguments byELD-SS.9-12.Argue.Interpretive

      1. Interpretive.

        Identifying topic and purpose (argue in favor or against a position, present a balanced interpretation, challenge perspective)ELD-SS.9-12.Argue.Interpretive

      2. Interpretive.

        Analyzing relevant information to support and/or revise claims with reliable and valid evidence from multiple sourcesELD-SS.9-12.Argue.Interpretive

      3. Interpretive.

        Evaluating credibility, accuracy, and relevancy of source based on expert perspectivesELD-SS.9-12.Argue.Interpretive

    2. Expressive.

      Construct social studies arguments thatELD-SS.9-12.Argue.Expressive

      1. Expressive.

        Introduce and contextualize topicELD-SS.9-12.Argue.Expressive

      2. Expressive.

        Select relevant information to support precise and knowledgeable claims with evidence from multiple sourcesELD-SS.9-12.Argue.Expressive

      3. Expressive.

        Establish perspectiveELD-SS.9-12.Argue.Expressive

      4. Expressive.

        Show relationships between claims and counterclaims, differences in perspectives, evidence, and reasoningELD-SS.9-12.Argue.Expressive

Frequently asked questions

What grade levels do these standards cover?
Grade 9, Grade 10, Grade 11, and Grade 12