Humans and their Physical EnvironmentWG.1

  • 1.

    Students will describe the significant forces that influence the physical environment, such as plate tectonics, erosion, climate, and natural disasters, and explain how the effects of physical processes vary across regions of the world.WG.1.1

  • 2.

    Students will identify patterns evident in the geographic distribution of ecosystems and biomes and explain how humans interact with them.WG.1.2

  • 3.

    Students will cite evidence of how the distribution of natural resources affects physical and human systems.WG.1.3

  • 4.

    Students will use geographic reasoning to propose actions that mitigate or solve issues, such as natural disasters, pollution, climate change, and habitat loss.WG.1.4

Population Distribution and MigrationWG.2

  • 1.

    Students will evaluate the impact of population distribution patterns at various scales by analyzing and comparing demographic characteristics such as gender, age, ethnicity, and population density using maps, population pyramids, and other geographic data.WG.2.1

  • 2.

    Students will explain push and pull factors causing voluntary and involuntary migration and the consequences created by the movement of people.WG.2.2

  • 3.

    Students will investigate the effects of significant patterns of human movement that shape urban and rural environments over time, such as mass urbanization, immigration, and the movement of refugees.WG.2.3

CultureWG.3

  • 1.

    Students will identify and describe the essential defining characteristics and functions of culture.WG.3.1

  • 2.

    Students will explain how the physical environment influences and is influenced by culture.WG.3.2

  • 3.

    Students will identify how culture influences sense of place, point of view and perspective, and the relative value placed upon people and places.WG.3.3

  • 4.

    Students will identify the causes, methods, and effects for the diffusion and distribution of cultural characteristics among different places and regions.WG.3.4

  • 5.

    Students will explain how the basic tenets of world religions affect the daily lives of people.WG.3.5

  • 6.

    Students will cite examples of how globalization creates challenges and opportunities for different cultures.WG.3.6

  • 7.

    Students will demonstrate an understanding of their own culture's connection to geography.WG.3.7

Political SystemsWG.4

  • 1.

    Students will explain why and how people organize into a range of political structures at different scales.WG.4.1

  • 2.

    Students will describe and explain the role physical and human characteristics play in establishing political boundaries.WG.4.2

  • 3.

    Students will explain how cooperation and conflict have many causes, such as differing ideas regarding boundaries, resource control, and land use, as well as ethnic, tribal, and national identities.WG.4.3

Economic DevelopmentWG.5

  • 1.

    Students will explain the essential attributes of a developed economy and the patterns of development that differentiate less-developed from more-developed places.WG.5.1

  • 2.

    Students will describe and compare the function and distribution of economic activities in primary, secondary, and tertiary sectors.WG.5.2

  • 3.

    Students will explain key economic concepts and their implications for the production, exchange, distribution, and consumption of goods and services.WG.5.3

  • 4.

    Students will cite examples of various levels of economic interdependence between nations and peoples.WG.5.4

  • 5.

    Students will describe the costs, benefits, and sustainability of development in terms of poverty rates, standards of living, the impact on indigenous people, environmental changes, gender equality, and access to education.WG.5.5

Frequently asked questions

What grade levels do these standards cover?
Grade 7, Grade 8, Grade 9, Grade 10, Grade 11, and Grade 12
When were these standards adopted?
2017
Where can I read the official document?
World Geography