What grade levels do these standards cover?

Grade 9, Grade 10, Grade 11, and Grade 12

Where can I read the official document?

Texas College and Career Readiness Standards

K–12 Standards

Grades 9, 10, 11, 12
Other Texas College and Career Readiness sets
Middle School College and Career Readiness

English/Language Arts

I.
Writing
1. A.
  Compose a variety of texts that demonstrate clear focus, the logical development of ideas in well-organized paragraphs, and the use of appropriate language that advances the author's purpose.
  1.
  Determine effective approaches, forms, and rhetorical techniques that demonstrate understanding of the writer's purpose and audience.
  2.
  Generate ideas and gather information relevant to the topic and purpose, keeping careful records of outside sources.
  3.
  Evaluate relevance, quality, sufficiency, and depth of preliminary ideas and information, organize material generated, and formulate a thesis.
  4.
  Recognize the importance of revision as the key to effective writing. Each draft should refine key ideas and organize them more logically and fluidly, use language more precisely and effectively, and draw the reader to the author's purpose.
  5.
  Edit writing for proper voice, tense, and syntax, assuring that it conforms to standard English, when appropriate.
II.
Reading
1. A.
  Locate explicit textual information, draw complex inferences, and analyze and evaluate the information within and across texts of varying lengths.
  1.
  Use effective reading strategies to determine a written work's purpose and intended audience.
  2.
  Use text features and graphics to form an overview of informational texts and to determine where to locate information.
  3.
  Identify explicit and implicit textual information including main ideas and author's purpose.
  4.
  Draw and support complex inferences from text to summarize, draw conclusions, and distinguish facts from simple assertions and opinions.
  5.
  Analyze the presentation of information and the strength and quality of evidence used by the author, and judge the coherence and logic of the presentation and the credibility of an argument.
  6.
  Analyze imagery in literary texts.
  7.
  Evaluate the use of both literal and figurative language to inform and shape the perceptions of readers.
  8.
  Compare and analyze how generic features are used across texts.
  9.
  Identify and analyze the audience, purpose, and message of an informational or persuasive text.
  10.
  Identify and analyze how an author's use of language appeals to the senses, creates imagery, and suggests mood.
  11.
  Identify, analyze, and evaluate similarities and differences in how multiple texts present information, argue a position, or relate a theme.
2. B.
  Understand new vocabulary and concepts and use them accurately in reading, speaking, and writing.
  1.
  Identify new words and concepts acquired through study of their relationships to other words and concepts.
  2.
  Apply knowledge of roots and affixes to infer the meanings of new words.
  3.
  Use reference guides to confirm the meanings of new words or concepts.
3. C.
  Describe, analyze, and evaluate information within and across literary and other texts from a variety of cultures and historical periods.
  1.
  Read a wide variety of texts from American, European, and world literatures.
  2.
  Analyze themes, structures, and elements of myths, traditional narratives, and classical and contemporary literature.
  3.
  Analyze works of literature for what they suggest about the historical period and cultural contexts in which they were written.
  4.
  Analyze and compare the use of language in literary works from a variety of world cultures.
4. D.
  Explain how literary and other texts evoke personal experience and reveal character in particular historical circumstances.
  1.
  Describe insights gained about oneself, others, or the world from reading specific texts.
  2.
  Analyze the influence of myth, folktales, fables, and classical literature from a variety of world cultures on later literature and film.
III.
Speaking
1. A.
  Understand the elements of communication both in informal group discussions and formal presentations (e.g., accuracy, relevance, rhetorical features, organization of information).
  1.
  Understand how style and content of spoken language varies in different contexts and influences the listener's understanding.
  2.
  Adjust presentation (delivery, vocabulary, length) to particular audiences and purposes.
2. B.
  Develop effective speaking styles for both group and one-on-one situations.
  1.
  Participate actively and effectively in one-on-one oral communication situations.
  2.
  Participate actively and effectively in group discussions.
  3.
  Plan and deliver focused and coherent presentations that convey clear and distinct perspectives and demonstrate solid reasoning.
IV.
Listening
1. A.
  Apply listening skills as an individual and as a member of a group in a variety of settings (e.g., lectures, discussions, conversations, team projects, presentations, interviews).
  1.
  Analyze and evaluate the effectiveness of a public presentation.
  2.
  Interpret a speaker's message; identify the position taken and the evidence in support of that position.
  3.
  Use a variety of strategies to enhance listening comprehension (e.g., focus attention on message, monitor message for clarity and understanding, provide verbal and nonverbal feedback, note cues such as change of pace or particular words that indicate a new point is about to be made, select and organize key information).
2. B.
  Listen effectively in informal and formal situations.
  1.
  Listen critically and respond appropriately to presentations.
  2.
  Listen actively and effectively in one-on-one communication situations.
  3.
  Listen actively and effectively in group discussions.
V.
Research
1. A.
  Formulate topic and questions.
  1.
  Formulate research questions.
  2.
  Explore a research topic.
  3.
  Refine research topic and devise a timeline for completing work.
2. B.
  Select information from a variety of sources.
  1.
  Gather relevant sources.
  2.
  Evaluate the validity and reliability of sources.
  3.
  Synthesize and organize information effectively.
3. C.
  Produce and design a document.
  1.
  Design and present an effective product.
  2.
  Use source material ethically.

Mathematics

I.
Numeric Reasoning
1. A.
  Number representation
  1.
  Compare real numbers.
  2.
  Define and give examples of complex numbers.
2. B.
  Number operations
  1.
  Perform computations with real and complex numbers.
3. C.
  Number sense and number concepts
  1.
  Use estimation to check for errors and reasonableness of solutions.
II.
Algebraic Reasoning
1. A.
  Expressions and equations
  1.
  Explain and differentiate between expressions and equations using words such as "solve," "evaluate," and "simplify."
2. B.
  Manipulating expressions
  1.
  Recognize and use algebraic (field) properties, concepts, procedures, and algorithms to combine, transform, and evaluate expressions (e.g., polynomials, radicals, rational expressions).
3. C.
  Solving equations, inequalities, and systems of equations
  1.
  Recognize and use algebraic (field) properties, concepts, procedures, and algorithms to solve equations, inequalities, and systems of linear equations.
  2.
  Explain the difference between the solution set of an equation and the solution set of an inequality.
4. D.
  Representations
  1.
  Interpret multiple representations of equations and relationships.
  2.
  Translate among multiple representations of equations and relationships.
III.
Geometric Reasoning
1. A.
  Figures and their properties
  1.
  Identify and represent the features of plane and space figures.
  2.
  Make, test, and use conjectures about one-, two-, and three-dimensional figures and their properties.
  3.
  Recognize and apply right triangle relationships including basic trigonometry.
2. B.
  Transformations and symmetry
  1.
  Identify and apply transformations to figures.
  2.
  Identify the symmetries of a plane figure.
  3.
  Use congruence transformations and dilations to investigate congruence, similarity, and symmetries of plane figures.
3. C.
  Connections between geometry and other mathematical content strands
  1.
  Make connections between geometry and algebra.
  2.
  Make connections between geometry, statistics, and probability.
  3.
  Make connections between geometry and measurement.
4. D.
  Logic and reasoning in geometry
  1.
  Make and validate geometric conjectures.
  2.
  Understand that Euclidean geometry is an axiomatic system.
IV.
Measurement Reasoning
1. A.
  Measurement involving physical and natural attributes.
  1.
  Select or use the appropriate type of unit for the attribute being measured.
2. B.
  Systems of measurement
  1.
  Convert from one measurement system to another.
  2.
  Convert within a single measurement system.
3. C.
  Measurement involving geometry and algebra
  1.
  Find the perimeter and area of two-dimensional figures.
  2.
  Determine the surface area and volume of three-dimensional figures.
  3.
  Determine indirect measures of figures using scale drawings, similar figures, the Pythagorean Theorem, and basic trigonometry.
4. D.
  Measurement involving statistics and probability
  1.
  Compute and use measures of center and spread to describe data.
  2.
  Apply probabilistic measures to practical situations to make an informed decision.
V.
Probabilistic Reasoning
1. A.
  Counting principles
  1.
  Determine the nature and the number of elements in a finite sample space.
2. B.
  Computation and interpretation of probabilities
  1.
  Compute and interpret the probability of an event and its complement.
  2.
  Compute and interpret the probability of conditional and compound events.
VI.
Statistical Reasoning
1. A.
  Data collection
  1.
  Plan a study.
2. B.
  Describe data
  1.
  Determine types of data.
  2.
  Select and apply appropriate visual representations of data.
  3.
  Compute and describe summary statistics of data.
  4.
  Describe patterns and departure from patterns in a set of data.
3. C.
  Read, analyze, interpret, and draw conclusions from data
  1.
  Make predictions and draw inferences using summary statistics.
  2.
  Analyze data sets using graphs and summary statistics.
  3.
  Analyze relationships between paired data using spreadsheets, graphing calculators, or statistical software.
  4.
  Recognize reliability of statistical results.
VII.
Functions
1. A.
  Recognition and representation of functions
  1.
  Recognize whether a relation is a function.
  2.
  Recognize and distinguish between different types of functions.
2. B.
  Analysis of functions
  1.
  Understand and analyze features of a function.
  2.
  Algebraically construct and analyze new functions.
3. C.
  Model real world situations with functions
  1.
  Apply known function models.
  2.
  Develop a function to model a situation.
VIII.
Problem Solving and Reasoning
1. A.
  Mathematical problem solving
  1.
  Analyze given information.
  2.
  Formulate a plan or strategy.
  3.
  Determine a solution.
  4.
  Justify the solution.
  5.
  Evaluate the problem-solving process.
2. B.
  Logical reasoning
  1.
  Develop and evaluate convincing arguments.
  2.
  Use various types of reasoning.
3. C.
  Real world problem solving
  1.
  Formulate a solution to a real world situation based on the solution to a mathematical problem.
  2.
  Use a function to model a real world situation.
  3.
  Evaluate the problem-solving process.
IX.
Communication and Representation
1. A.
  Language, terms, and symbols of mathematics
  1.
  Use mathematical symbols, terminology, and notation to represent given and unknown information in a problem.
  2.
  Use mathematical language to represent and communicate the mathematical concepts in a problem.
  3.
  Use mathematics as a language for reasoning, problem solving, making connections, and generalizing.
2. B.
  Interpretation of mathematical work
  1.
  Model and interpret mathematical ideas and concepts using multiple representations.
  2.
  Summarize and interpret mathematical information provided orally, visually, or in written form within the given context.
3. C.
  Presentation and representation of mathematical work
  1.
  Communicate mathematical ideas, reasoning, and their implications using symbols, diagrams, graphs, and words.
  2.
  Create and use representations to organize, record, and communicate mathematical ideas.
  3.
  Explain, display, or justify mathematical ideas and arguments using precise mathematical language in written or oral communications.
X.
Connections
1. A.
  Connections among the strands of mathematics
  1.
  Connect and use multiple strands of mathematics in situations and problems.
  2.
  Connect mathematics to the study of other disciplines.
2. B.
  Connections of mathematics to nature, real world situations, and everyday life
  1.
  Use multiple representations to demonstrate links between mathematical and real world situations.
  2.
  Understand and use appropriate mathematical models in the natural, physical, and social sciences.
  3.
  Know and understand the use of mathematics in a variety of careers and professions.

Science

I.
Nature of Science: Scientific Ways of Learning and Thinking
1. A.
  Cognitive skills in science
  1.
  Utilize skepticism, logic, and professional ethics in science.
  2.
  Use creativity and insight to recognize and describe patterns in natural phenomena.
  3.
  Formulate appropriate questions to test understanding of natural phenomena.
  4.
  Rely on reproducible observations of empirical evidence when constructing, analyzing, and evaluating explanations of natural events and processes.
2. B.
  Scientific Inquiry
  1.
  Design and conduct scientific investigations in which hypotheses are formulated and tested.
3. C.
  Collaborative and safe working practices
  1.
  Collaborate on joint projects.
  2.
  Understand and apply safe procedures in the laboratory and field, including chemical, electrical, and fire safety and safe handling of live or preserved organisms.
  3.
  Demonstrate skill in the safe use of a wide variety of apparatuses, equipment, techniques, and procedures.
4. D.
  Current Scientific Technology
  1.
  Demonstrate literacy in computer use.
  2.
  Use computer models, applications, and simulations.
  3.
  Demonstrate appropriate use of a wide variety of apparatuses, equipment, techniques, and procedures for collecting quantitative and qualitative data.
5. E.
  Effective communication of scientific information
  1.
  Use several modes of expression to describe or characterize natural patterns and phenomena. These modes of expression include narrative, numerical, graphical, pictorial, symbolic, and kinesthetic.
  2.
  Use essential vocabulary of the discipline being studied.
II.
Foundation Skills: Scientific Applications of Mathematics
1. A.
  Basic mathematics conventions
  1.
  Understand the real number system and its properties.
  2.
  Use exponents and scientific notation.
  3.
  Understand ratios, proportions, percentages, and decimal fractions, and translate from any form to any other.
  4.
  Use proportional reasoning to solve problems.
  5.
  Simplify algebraic expressions.
  6.
  Estimate results to evaluate whether a calculated result is reasonable.
  7.
  Use calculators, spreadsheets, computers, etc., in data analysis.
2. B.
  Mathematics as a symbolic language
  1.
  Carry out formal operations using standard algebraic symbols and formulae.
  2.
  Represent natural events, processes, and relationships with algebraic expressions and algorithms.
3. C.
  Understand relationships among geometry, algebra, and trigonometry
  1.
  Understand simple vectors, vector notations, and vector diagrams, and carry out simple calculations involving vectors.
  2.
  Understand that a curve drawn on a defined set of axes is fully equivalent to a set of algebraic equations.
  3.
  Understand basic trigonometric principles, including definitions of terms such as sine, cosine, tangent, cotangent, and their relationship to triangles.
  4.
  Understand basic geometric principles.
4. D.
  Scientific problem solving
  1.
  Use dimensional analysis in problem solving.
5. E.
  Scientific application of probability and statistics
  1.
  Understand descriptive statistics.
6. F.
  Scientific measurement
  1.
  Select and use appropriate Standard International (SI) units and prefixes to express measurements for real world problems.
  2.
  Use appropriate significant digits.
  3.
  Understand and use logarithmic notation (base 10).
III.
Foundation Skills: Scientific Applications of Communication
1. A.
  Scientific writing
  1.
  Use correct applications of writing practices in scientific communication.
2. B.
  Scientific reading
  1.
  Read technical and scientific articles to gain understanding of interpretations, apparatuses, techniques or procedures, and data.
  2.
  Set up apparatuses, carry out procedures, and collect specified data from a given set of appropriate instructions.
  3.
  Recognize scientific and technical vocabulary in the field of study and use this vocabulary to enhance clarity of communication.
  4.
  List, use, and give examples of specific strategies before, during, and after reading to improve comprehension.
3. C.
  Presentation of scientific/technical information
  1.
  Prepare and present scientific/technical information in appropriate formats for various audiences.
4. D.
  Research skills/technical literacy
  1.
  Use search engines, databases, and other digital electronic tools effectively to locate information.
  2.
  Evaluate quality, accuracy, completeness, reliability, and currency of information from any source.
IV.
Science, Technology, and Society
1. A.
  Interactions between innovations and science
  1.
  Recognize how scientific discoveries are connected to technological innovations.
2. B.
  Social ethics
  1.
  Understand how scientific research and technology have an impact on ethical and legal practices.
  2.
  Understand how commonly held ethical beliefs impact scientific research.
3. C.
  History of science
  1.
  Understand the historical development of major theories in science.
  2.
  Recognize the role of people in important contributions to scientific knowledge.
V.
Cross-Disciplinary Themes
1. A.
  Matter/states of matter
  1.
  Know modern theories of atomic structure.
  2.
  Understand the typical states of matter (solid, liquid, gas) and phase changes among these.
2. B.
  Energy (thermodynamics, kinetic, potential, energy transfers)
  1.
  Understand the Laws of Thermodynamics.
  2.
  Know the processes of energy transfer.
3. C.
  Change over time/equilibrium
  1.
  Recognize patterns of change.
4. D.
  Classification
  1.
  Understand that scientists categorize things according to similarities and differences.
5. E.
  Measurements and models
  1.
  Use models to make predictions.
  2.
  Use scale to relate models and structures.
  3.
  Demonstrate familiarity with length scales from sub-atomic particles through macroscopic objects.
VI.
Biology
1. A.
  Structure and function of cells
  1.
  Know that although all cells share basic features, cells differentiate to carry out specialized functions.
  2.
  Explain how cells can be categorized into two major types: prokaryotic and eukaryotic, and describe major features that distinguish one from the other.
  3.
  Describe the structure and function of major sub-cellular organelles.
  4.
  Describe the major features of mitosis relate this process to growth and asexual reproduction.
  5.
  Understand the process of cytokinesis in plant and animal cells and how this process is related to growth.
  6.
  Know the structure of membranes and how this relates to permeability.
2. B.
  Biochemistry
  1.
  Understand the major categories of biological molecules: lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids.
  2.
  Describe the structure and function of enzymes.
  3.
  Describe the major features and chemical events of photosynthesis.
  4.
  Describe the major features and chemical events of cellular respiration.
  5.
  Know how organisms respond to presence or absence of oxygen, including mechanisms of fermentation.
  6.
  Understand coupled reaction processes and describe the role of ATP in energy coupling and transfer.
3. C.
  Evolution and populations
  1.
  Know multiple categories of evidence for evolutionary change and how this evidence is used to infer evolutionary relationships among organisms.
  2.
  Recognize variations in population sizes, including extinction, and describe mechanisms and conditions that produce these variations.
4. D.
  Molecular genetics and heredity
  1.
  Understand Mendel's laws of inheritance.
  2.
  Know modifications to Mendel's laws.
  3.
  Understand the molecular structures and functions of nucleic acids.
  4.
  Understand simple principles of population genetics and describe characteristics of a Hardy-Weinberg population.
  5.
  Describe the major features of meiosis and relate this process to Mendel's laws of inheritance.
5. E.
  Classification and taxonomy
  1.
  Know ways in which living things can be classified based on each organism's internal and external structure, development, and relatedness of DNA sequences.
6. F.
  Systems and homeostasis
  1.
  Know that organisms possess various structures and processes (feedback loops) that maintain steady internal conditions.
  2.
  Describe, compare, and contrast structures and processes that allow gas exchange, nutrient uptake and processing, waste excretion, nervous and hormonal regulation, and reproduction in plants, animals, and fungi; give examples of each.
7. G.
  Ecology
  1.
  Identify Earth's major biomes, giving their locations, typical climate conditions, and characteristic organisms.
  2.
  Knowing patterns of energy flow and material cycling in Earth's ecosystems.
  3.
  Understand typical forms of organismal behavior.
  4.
  Know the process of succession.
VII.
Chemistry
1. A.
  Matter and its properties
  1.
  Know that physical and chemical properties can be used to describe and classify matter.
  2.
  Recognize and classify pure substances (elements, compounds) and mixtures.
2. B.
  Atomic structure
  1.
  Summarize the development of atomic theory. Understand that models of the atom are used to help understand the properties of elements and compounds.
3. C.
  Periodic table
  1.
  Know the organization of the periodic table.
  2.
  Recognize the trends in physical and chemical properties as one moves across a period or vertically through a group.
4. D.
  Chemical bonding
  1.
  Characterize ionic bonds, metallic bonds, and covalent bonds. Describe the properties of metals and ionic and covalent compounds.
5. E.
  Chemical reactions
  1.
  Classify chemical reactions by type. Describe the evidence that a chemical reaction has occurred.
  2.
  Describe the properties of acids and bases, and identify the products of a neutralization reaction.
  3.
  Understand oxidation-reduction reactions.
  4.
  Understand chemical equilibrium.
  5.
  Understand energy changes in chemical reactions.
  6.
  Understand chemical kinetics.
6. F.
  Chemical nomenclature
  1.
  Know formulas for ionic compounds.
  2.
  Know formulas for molecular compounds.
7. G.
  The mole and stoichiometry
  1.
  Understand the mole concept.
  2.
  Understand molar relationships in reactions, stoichiometric calculations, and percent yield.
8. H.
  Thermochemistry
  1.
  Understand the Law of Conservation of Energy and processes of heat transfer.
  2.
  Understand energy changes and chemical reactions.
9. I.
  Properties and behavior of gases, liquids, and solids
  1.
  Understand the behavior of matter in its various states: solid, liquid, and gas.
  2.
  Understand properties of solutions.
  3.
  Understand principles of ideal gas behavior and kinetic molecular theory.
  4.
  Apply the concept of partial pressures in a mixture of gases.
  5.
  Know properties of liquids and solids.
  6.
  Understand the effect of vapor pressure on changes in state; explain heating curves and phase diagrams.
  7.
  Describe intermolecular forces.
10. J.
  Basic structure and function of biological molecules: proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids
  1.
  Understand the major categories of biological molecules: proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids.
11. K.
  Nuclear chemistry
  1.
  Understand radioactive decay.
VIII.
Physics
1. A.
  Matter
  1.
  Demonstrate familiarity with length scales from sub-atomic particles through macroscopic objects.
  2.
  Understand states of matter and their characteristics.
  3.
  Understand the concepts of mass and inertia.
  4.
  Understand the concept of density.
  5.
  Understand the concepts of gravitational force and weight.
2. B.
  Vectors
  1.
  Understand how vectors are used to represent physical quantities.
  2.
  Demonstrate knowledge of vector mathematics using a graphical representation.
  3.
  Demonstrate knowledge of vector mathematics using a numerical representation.
3. C.
  Forces and motion
  1.
  Understand the fundamental concepts of kinematics.
  2.
  Understand forces and Newton's Laws.
  3.
  Understand the concept of momentum.
4. D.
  Mechanical energy
  1.
  Understand potential and kinetic energy.
  2.
  Understand conservation of energy.
  3.
  Understand the relationship of work and mechanical energy.
5. E.
  Rotating systems
  1.
  Understand rotational kinematics.
  2.
  Understand the concept of torque.
  3.
  Apply the concept of static equilibrium.
  4.
  Understand angular momentum.
6. F.
  Fluids
  1.
  Understand pressure in a fluid and its applications.
  2.
  Understand Pascal's Principle.
  3.
  Understand buoyancy.
  4.
  Understand Bernoulli's principle.
7. G.
  Oscillations and waves
  1.
  Understand basic oscillatory motion and simple harmonic motion.
  2.
  Understand the difference between transverse and longitudinal waves.
  3.
  Understand wave terminology: wavelength, period, frequency, and amplitude.
  4.
  Understand the properties and behavior of sound waves.
8. H.
  Thermodynamics
  1.
  Understand the gain and loss of heat energy in matter.
  2.
  Understand the basic laws of thermodynamics.
9. I.
  Electromagnetism
  1.
  Discuss electric charge and electric force.
  2.
  Gain qualitative and quantitative understandings of voltage, current, and resistance.
  3.
  Understand Ohm's Law.
  4.
  Apply the concept of power to electricity.
  5.
  Discuss basic DC circuits that include voltage sources and combinations of resistors.
  6.
  Discuss basic DC circuits that include voltage sources and combinations of capacitors.
  7.
  Understand magnetic fields and their relationship to electricity.
  8.
  Relate electricity and magnetism to everyday life.
10. J.
  Optics
  1.
  Know the electromagnetic spectrum.
  2.
  Understand the wave/particle duality of light.
  3.
  Understand concepts of geometric optics.
IX.
Earth and Space Sciences
1. A.
  Earth systems
  1.
  Know the major features and characteristics of atmosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere.
  2.
  Understand relationships and interactions among atmosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere.
  3.
  Possess a scientific understanding of the history of Earth's systems.
  4.
  Utilize the tools scientists use to study and understand the Earth's systems.
2. B.
  Sun, Earth, and moon systems
  1.
  Understand interactions among the sun, Earth, and moon.
  2.
  Possess a scientific understanding of the formation of the Earth and moon.
3. C.
  Solar system
  1.
  Describe the structure and motions of the solar system and its components.
  2.
  Possess a scientific understanding of the formation of the solar system.
4. D.
  Origin and structure of the universe
  1.
  Understand scientific theories for the formation of the universe.
  2.
  Know the current scientific descriptions of the components of the universe.
5. E.
  Plate tectonics
  1.
  Describe the evidence that supports the current theory of plate tectonics.
  2.
  Identify the major tectonic plates.
  3.
  Describe the motions and interactions of tectonic plates.
  4.
  Describe the rock cycle and its products.
6. F.
  Energy transfer within and among systems
  1.
  Describe matter and energy transfer in the Earth's systems.
  2.
  Give examples of effects of energy transfer within and among systems.
X.
Environmental Science
1. A.
  Earth systems
  1.
  Recognize the Earth's systems.
  2.
  Know the major features of the geosphere and the factors that modify them.
  3.
  Know the major features of the atmosphere.
  4.
  Know the major features of the hydrosphere.
  5.
  Be familiar with Earth's major biomes.
  6.
  Describe the Earth's major biogeochemical cycles.
2. A.
  Energy
  1.
  Understand energy transformations.
  2.
  Know the various sources of energy for humans and other biological systems.
3. C.
  Populations
  1.
  Recognize variations in population sizes, including human population and extinction, and describe mechanisms and conditions that produce these variations.
4. D.
  Economics and politics
  1.
  Name and describe major environmental policies and legislation.
  2.
  Understand the types, uses, and regulations of the various natural resources.
5. E.
  Human practices and their impacts
  1.
  Describe the different uses for land (land management).
  2.
  Understand the use and consequences of pest management.
  3.
  Know the different methods used to increase food production.
  4.
  Understand land and water usage and management practices.
  5.
  Understand how human practices affect air, water, and soil quality.

Social Studies

I.
Interrelated Disciplines and Skills
1. A.
  Spatial analysis of physical and cultural processes that shape the human experience
  1.
  Use the tools and concepts of geography appropriately and accurately.
  2.
  Analyze the interaction between human communities and the environment.
  3.
  Analyze how physical and cultural processes have shaped human communities over time.
  4.
  Evaluate the causes and effects of human migration patterns over time.
  5.
  Analyze how various cultural regions have changed over time.
  6.
  Analyze the relationship between geography and the development of human communities.
2. B.
  Periodization and chronological reasoning
  1.
  Examine how and why historians divide the past into eras.
  2.
  Identify and evaluate sources and patterns of change and continuity across time and place.
  3.
  Analyzes causes and effects of major political, economic, and social changes in U.S. and world history.
3. C.
  Change and continuity of political ideologies, constitutions, and political behavior
  1.
  Evaluate different governmental systems and functions.
  2.
  Evaluate changes in the functions and structures of government across time.
  3.
  Explain and analyze the importance of civic engagement.
4. D.
  Change and continuity of economic systems and processes
  1.
  Identify and evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of different economic systems.
  2.
  Analyze the basic functions and structures of international economics.
5. E.
  Change and continuity of social groups, civic organizations, institutions, and their interaction
  1.
  Identify different social groups (e.g., clubs, religious organizations) and examine how they form and how and why they sustain themselves.
  2.
  Define the concept of socialization and analyze the role socialization plays in human development and behavior.
  3.
  Analyze how social institutions (e.g., marriage, family, churches, schools) function and meet the needs of society.
  4.
  Identify and evaluate the sources and consequences of social conflict.
6. F.
  Problem-solving and decision-making skills
  1.
  Use a variety of research and analytical tools to explore questions or issues thoroughly and fairly.
  2.
  Analyze ethical issues in historical, cultural, and social contexts.
II.
Diverse Human Perspectives and Experiences
1. A.
  Multicultural societies
  1.
  Define a "multicultural society" and consider both the positive and negative qualities of multiculturalism.
  2.
  Evaluate the experiences and contributions of diverse groups to multicultural societies.
2. B.
  Factors that influence personal and group identities (e.g., race, ethnicity, gender, nationality, institutional affiliations, socioeconomic status)
  1.
  Explain and evaluate the concepts of race, ethnicity, and nationalism.
  2.
  Explain and evaluate the concept of gender.
  3.
  Analyze diverse religious concepts, structures, and institutions around the world.
  4.
  Evaluate how major philosophical and intellectual concepts influence human behavior or identity.
  5.
  Explain the concepts of socioeconomic status and stratification.
  6.
  Analyze how individual and group identities are established and change over time.
III.
Interdependence of Global Communities
1. A.
  Spatial understanding of global, regional, national, and local communities
  1.
  Distinguish spatial patterns of human communities that exist between or within contemporary political boundaries.
  2.
  Connect regional or local developments to global ones.
  3.
  Analyze how and why diverse communities interact and become dependent on each other.
2. B.
  Global analysis
  1.
  Apply social studies methodologies to compare societies and cultures.
IV.
Analysis, Synthesis, and Evaluation of Information
1. A.
  Critical examination of texts, images, and other sources of information
  1.
  Identify and analyze the main idea(s) and point(s)-of-view in sources.
  2.
  Situate an informational source in its appropriate contexts (contemporary, historical, cultural).
  3.
  Evaluate sources from multiple perspectives.
  4.
  Understand the differences between a primary and secondary source and use each appropriately to conduct research and construct arguments.
  5.
  Read narrative texts critically.
  6.
  Read research data critically.
2. B.
  Research and methods
  1.
  Use established research methodologies.
  2.
  Explain how historians and other social scientists develop new and competing views of past phenomena.
  3.
  Gather, organize, and display the results of data and research.
  4.
  Identify and collect sources.
3. C.
  Critical listening
  1.
  Understand and interpret presentations (e.g., speeches, lectures, informal presentations) critically.
4. D.
  Reaching conclusions
  1.
  Construct a thesis that is supported by evidence.
  2.
  Recognize and evaluate counter-arguments.
V.
Effective Communication
1. A.
  Clear and coherent oral and written communication
  1.
  Use appropriate oral communication techniques depending on the context or nature of the interaction.
  2.
  Use conventions of standard written English.
2. B.
  Academic Integrity
  1.
  Attribute ideas and information to source materials and authors.

Cross-Disciplinary Standards

I.
Key Cognitive Skills
1. A.
  Intellectual curiosity
  1.
  Engage in scholarly inquiry and dialogue.
  2.
  Accept constructive criticism and revise personal views when valid evidence warrants.
2. B.
  Reasoning
  1.
  Consider arguments and conclusions of self and others.
  2.
  Construct well-reasoned arguments to explain phenomena, validate conjectures, or support positions.
  3.
  Gather evidence to support arguments, findings, or lines of reasoning.
  4.
  Support or modify claims based on the results of an inquiry.
3. C.
  Problem solving
  1.
  Analyze a situation to identify a problem to be solved.
  1.
  Develop and apply multiple strategies to solve a problem.
  3.
  Collect evidence and data systematically and directly relate to solving a problem.
4. D.
  Academic behaviors
  1.
  Self-monitor learning needs and seek assistance when needed.
  2.
  Use study habits necessary to manage academic pursuits and requirements.
  3.
  Strive for accuracy and precision.
  4.
  Persevere to complete and master tasks.
5. E.
  Work habits
  1.
  Work independently.
  2.
  Work collaboratively.
6. F.
  Academic integrity
  1.
  Attribute ideas and information to source materials and people.
  2.
  Evaluate sources for quality of content, validity, credibility, and relevance.
  3.
  Include the ideas of others and the complexities of the debate, issue, or problem.
  4.
  Understand and adhere to ethical codes of conduct.
II.
Foundation Skills
1. A.
  Reading across the curriculum
  1.
  Use effective prereading strategies.
  2.
  Use a variety of strategies to understand the meanings of new words.
  3.
  Identify the intended purpose and audience of the text.
  4.
  Identify the key information and supporting details
  5.
  Analyze textual information critically.
  6.
  Annotate, summarize, paraphrase, and outline texts when appropriate.
  7.
  Adapt reading strategies according to structure of texts.
  8.
  Connect reading to historical and current events and personal interest.
2. B.
  Writing across the curriculum
  1.
  Write clearly and coherently using standard writing conventions.
  2.
  Write in a variety of forms for various audiences and purposes.
  3.
  Compose and revise drafts.
3. C.
  Research across the curriculum
  1.
  Understand which topics or questions are to be investigated.
  2.
  Explore a research topic.
  3.
  Refine research topic based on preliminary research and devise a timeline for completing work.
  4.
  Evaluate the validity and reliability of sources.
  5.
  Synthesize and organize information effectively.
  6.
  Design and present an effective product.
  7.
  Integrate source material.
  8.
  Present final product.
4. D.
  Use of data
  1.
  Identify patterns or departures from patterns among data.
  2.
  Use statistical and probabilistic skills necessary for planning an investigation and collecting, analyzing, and interpreting data.
  3.
  Present analyzed data and communicate findings in a variety of formats.
5. E.
  Technology
  1.
  Use technology to gather information.
  2.
  Use technology to organize, manage, and analyze information.
  3.
  Use technology to communicate and display findings in a clear and coherent manner.
  4.
  Use technology appropriately.

Frequently asked questions

What grade levels do these standards cover?: Grade 9, Grade 10, Grade 11, and Grade 12
When were these standards adopted?: 2009
Where can I read the official document?: Texas College and Career Readiness Standards

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