World History: Age of Enlightenment to Present

  • 1.

    Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment - Investigate the important ideas and achievements of the Scientific Revolution and the Age of EnlightenmentWH.1

    1. 1.

      Identify the theories of cosmology as described by Nicolaus Copernicus, Galileo Galilei, and Sir Isaac Newton.WH.1.1

    2. 2.

      Compare and contrast new methods of reasoning as demonstrated by Francis Bacon and Rene Descartes (e.g., inductive reasoning and the scientific method, deductive reasoning, etc.).WH.1.2

    3. 3.

      Contrast the views of Thomas Hobbes and John Locke concerning the domination of absolute governments.WH.1.3

    4. 4.

      Differentiate the influence of Charles de Montesquieu, Voltaire, and Jean- Jacques Rousseau on the development of democratic ideals.WH.1.4

  • 2.

    French Revolution Analyze the causes of the French Revolution and its impact on Europe.WH.2

    1. 1.

      Examine various opinions of the developing democratic ideals amidst the economic troubles of the French social class.WH.2.1

    2. 2.

      Explain the impact of the American Revolution on the French call for social equality as expressed in the "Declaration of Rights of Man and the Citizen (1789)."WH.2.2

    3. 3.

      Examine Napoleon's geographic and political influence on Europe through the spread of liberalism and nationalism.WH.2.3

    4. 4.

      Evaluate the significant outcomes of the Congress of Vienna and the creation of the Concert of Europe.WH.2.4

    5. 5.

      Analyze the impact of the revolutionary period on the abolition of the Atlantic slave trade, the Emancipation of Spanish America, and the Issuance of the Monroe Doctrine by the United States.WH.2.5

  • 3.

    Dawn of the Industrial Revolution - Examine the origins, impact, and spread of the Agricultural and Industrial Revolutions.WH.3

    1. 1.

      Analyze the factors that led to the Industrial Revolution in England.WH.3.1

    2. 2.

      Discuss the significance of the Agricultural Revolution, Enclosure Movement, and the Industrial Revolution and their impact on society (e.g., Charles Townshend, John Deere, Cyrus McCormick, etc.).WH.3.2

    3. 3.

      Evaluate important concepts and inventors during the Industrial Revolution (e.g., James Hargreaves, Eli Whitney, James Watt, Thomas Edison, the Bessemer Process, etc.).WH.3.3

    4. 4.

      Contrast factors that enhanced or impeded the spread of Industrial Revolution into Eastern Europe and the Far East.WH.3.4

  • 4.

    Results of the Industrial Revolution - Analyze capitalism as the economic philosophy that developed as a result of the Industrial Revolution and compare economic reactions to capitalism including socialism and communism.WH.4

    1. 1.

      Examine the principles of capitalism as developed by classical economist Adam Smith.WH.4.1

    2. 2.

      Compare and contrast the rise of economic theories as a result of the industrial revolution (e.g., capitalism, socialism, Marxism, communism, etc.).WH.4.2

    3. 3.

      Appraise government reactions to social problems including Britain's and Germany's passage of labor laws, early welfare, and insurance programs.WH.4.3

    4. 4.

      Investigate major social problems and solutions caused by urban overcrowding and lack of environmental control (e.g., the contributions of Baron Haussmann, Edwin Chadwick, Louis Pasteur, Joseph Lister, etc.).WH.4.4

    5. 5.

      Analyze the International impacts and contributions of intellectual movements (e.g., Darwinism, suffrage, medicine, psychology, physics, etc.).WH.4.5

  • 5.

    Nationalism in the Nineteenth Century - Analyze the emergence of nationalism and its role in the nineteenth century revolutions, unification movements, and the emergence of multinational empires.WH.5

    1. 1.

      Examine nationalist movements throughout the world (e.g., the unification of Italy and Germany, the Meiji Restoration in Japan, the Tanzimat reforms in the Ottoman Empire, the self-strengthening movement in China, etc.).WH.5.1

    2. 2.

      Analyze the characteristics that defined Russia, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire as multinational empires.WH.5.2

    3. 3.

      Trace the emergence of political economic, and social modernization in the early twentieth-century Russian Empire (e.g., the reign of the Romanov dynasty, Russian expansionism, emancipation of the serfs, etc.).WH.5.3

    4. 4.

      Examine the creation of the dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary and the ethnic complexity of the Ottoman Empire in Asia and the European Balkan Peninsula.WH.5.4

  • 6.

    Imperialism - Evaluate western imperialism as a force of global change, emphasizing its impact on colonized peoples and lands.WH.6

    1. 1.

      Examine various social and economic factors of the spread of imperialism.WH.6.1

    2. 2.

      Analyze the important events of imperialism in Asian and Oceania (e.g., the establishment of Chinese spheres of influence by western powers, British colonization of India, Hawaiian annexation by the United States, U.S. Open Door Policy, Russo-Japanese War, etc.).WH.6.2

    3. 3.

      Compare important events in the partition of Africa by European powers (e.g., construction of the Suez Canal, the French occupation of Algeria, Belgium's claim to the Congo, defeat of Italy by Ethiopia, Anglo- Boer Wars, development of apartheid in South Africa, etc.).WH.6.3

    4. 4.

      Analyze important events in U.S. imperialism in Latin American (e.g., the Spanish-American War, issuance of the Roosevelt Corollary, construction of the Panama Canal, etc.).WH.6.4

    5. 5.

      Investigate the responses of imperialism (e.g., Philippine-American War, Opium War, Boxer Rebellion, Indian Rebellion of 1857 The First War of Indian Independence, Zulu Resistances in Southern Africa, etc.).WH.6.5

  • 7.

    World War I - Examine the causes, effects, and significant events of World War I in Europe.WH.7

    1. 1.

      Assess the primary causes of World War I (e.g., the rise of militarism, alliance systems, nationalism, imperialism, assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, etc.).WH.7.1

    2. 2.

      Describe how trench warfare and advances in military technology affected the course and outcome of World War I.WH.7.2

    3. 3.

      Examine the role of propaganda as a means to mobilize civilian populations during World War I.WH.7.3

    4. 4.

      Evaluate the physical and economic destruction of Europe caused by World War I.WH.7.4

    5. 5.

      Analyze the United States' increasing role in global affairs during and after World War I.WH.7.5

  • 8.

    Interwar Period - Analyze the challenges of the interwar period, emphasizing the rise of totalitarian states.WH.8

    1. 1.

      Analyze the Treaty of Versailles as an agent for unrest.WH.8.1

    2. 2.

      Examine the global impact of the Great Depression.WH.8.2

    3. 3.

      Compare the civil wars in Russia and China and how they led to the growth and spread of Communism (e.g., the rise of Vladimir Lenin, the Bolsheviks in Russia, Mao Zedong in China, etc.).WH.8.3

    4. 4.

      Analyze Japanese militarism and territorial expansion (e.g., Manchuria, the Rape of Nanjing, etc.).WH.8.4

  • 9.

    World War II - Compare and contrast the causes, effects, and significant events of World War II.WH.9

    1. 1.

      Analyze totalitarian aggression by Germany, Italy, Japan, and the Soviet Union, and examine how the administrations of Hitler, Mussolini, Hirohito, and Stalin prompted the outbreak of war.WH.9.1

    2. 2.

      Examine how antisemitism in the 19th century and Nazi ideas about race and nation led to the dehumanization and genocide of Jews in the Holocaust.WH.9.2

    3. 3.

      Analyze the major turning points of World War II in both the European and Pacific theatres (e.g., German invasion of Poland, North African Campaign, Battle of Midway, Battle of Stalingrad, D-Day Invasion, Battle of the Bulge, etc.).WH.9.3

    4. 4.

      Trace the geopolitical shifts following World War II, including the bipolarization and independence movements of Europe.WH.9.4

    5. 5.

      Explain the political and geographic disputes that necessitated the creation of the United Nations (e.g., the Atomic Era, war crimes, "crimes against humanity", etc.).WH.9.5

  • 10.

    Cold War - Analyze the period of post-World War II recovery and realignment, emphasizing the social, economic, and political effects of the Cold War.WH.10

    1. 1.

      Explain the origins and significance of the United Nations' Partition Plan, establishment of the modern State of Israel, and the reactions by surrounding countriesWH.10.1

    2. 2.

      Analyze various economic, political, and military shifts of the post-World War II world (e.g., effects of the Truman Doctrine, the Marshall Plan in Europe and Southeast Asia, nationalism in Africa, détente in China, the fall of Communism in the Soviet Union, etc.).WH.10.2

    3. 3.

      Trace the development of the United States and the Soviet Union as the two Cold War Superpowers.WH.10.3

    4. 4.

      Compare and contrast American democracy and Soviet communism (e.g., expansionist efforts of the Soviet Union verses America's policy of containment, etc.).WH.10.4

    5. 5.

      Trace the political movements of various nationalist groups and their leaders in Latin America, the Middle East, French-Indochina, and Africa (e.g., Fidel Castro in Cuba, Ho Chi Minh in Vietnam, Gamal Abdel Nasser in Egypt, etc.).WH.10.5

    6. 6.

      Explore the collapse of the Soviet Union (e.g., Russia's struggle for democracy, the impact of liberalism, perestroika (free markets), glasnost (openness), economic recovery brought on by Mikhail Gorbachev, Ronald Regan, Boris Yeltsin, etc.).WH.10.6

  • 11.

    Contemporary World - Debate the changing role of globalization in the contemporary world.WH.11

    1. 1.

      Examine social and political issues that helped advance civil and human rights (e.g., Mahatma Gandhi in India, Martin Luther King Jr. in the United States, Nelson Mandela in South Africa, etc.).WH.11.1

    2. 2.

      Examine OPEC's dominance over the world's oil market and its influence in determining the foreign policies of Middle Eastern nations (e.g., oil embargos, the Iranian Hostage Crisis, the Gulf Wars, etc.).WH.11.2

    3. 3.

      Analyze the aspects of modern domestic and global terrorism (e.g., the September 11th attack, the War in Afghanistan, the rise of ISIS, etc.).WH.11.3

    4. 4.

      Recognize the global impact of the internet (e.g., social media platforms and its influence on politics and social movements, immigrations, climate change, activism, the rise of global culture, etc.).WH.11.4

Frequently asked questions

What grade levels do these standards cover?
Grade 9, Grade 10, Grade 11, and Grade 12
When were these standards adopted?
2022